Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362)

For research use only. Not for use in humans.

目录号：S2449 别名： Coleonol, Colforsin 中文名称：佛司可林

Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362) Chemical Structure

CAS No. 66575-29-9

Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362, Coleonol, Colforsin)在各种各样细胞类型中，是一种普遍存在的真核细胞腺苷酸环化酶（AC）激活剂，在细胞生理学研究中，通常用来提高cAMP水平。Forskolin 还可激发 PXR 和 FXR的活性而诱导自噬。

规格

价格

库存

购买数量

10mM (1mL in DMSO)	RMB 1144.16	现货
10mg	RMB 903.37	现货
50mg	RMB 3029.97	现货
100mg	RMB 4679.71	现货
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客户使用Selleck生产的Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362)发表文献84篇：

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Adv Sci (Weinh), 2021, e2100190

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Nat Commun, 2021, 12(1):3493

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Nat Commun, 2021, 12(1):3332

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Cell Death Dis, 2021, 12(1):35

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Cell Commun Signal, 2021, 19(1):8

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Stem Cell Res Ther, 2021, 12(1):269

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Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12:592184

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STAR Protoc, 2021, 2(1):100346

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Autophagy, 2020, 16(6):1061-1076

PubMed: 32401166 ( click the link to review the publication )

Cancer Res, 2020, 5 pii: canres

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Cell Rep, 2020, 33(11):108514

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Cell Death Dis, 2020, 6;11(4):221

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Cells, 2020, 9(10)E2288

PubMed: 33066405 ( click the link to review the publication )

J Mol Cell Biol, 2020, 30 pii: mjaa010

PubMed: 32232340 ( click the link to review the publication )

PLoS Genet, 2020, 16(10):e1009100

PubMed: 33085659 ( click the link to review the publication )

Stem Cell Res Ther, 2020, 11(1):415

PubMed: 32967725 ( click the link to review the publication )

Sci Rep, 2020, 28;10(1):7129

PubMed: 32346096 ( click the link to review the publication )

J Biol Chem, 2020, 14;jbcRA120013223

PubMed: 32409581 ( click the link to review the publication )

Mol Cell Biol, 2020, 40(4)

PubMed: 31791978 ( click the link to review the publication )

Mil Med Res, 2020, 7(1):52

PubMed: 33129359 ( click the link to review the publication )
Mil Med Res, 2020, 7(1):42

PubMed: 32892745 ( click the link to review the publication )

Exp Ther Med, 2020, 20(3):2166-2172

PubMed: 32765692 ( click the link to review the publication )

Sci Rep, 2020, 10(1):11828

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Front Cell Neurosci, 2020, 14:144

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Plants (Basel), 2020, 9(12)E1672

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Physiol Rep, 2020, 8(13):e14490

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Reprod Biol, 2020, 10.1016

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Mol Psychiatry, 2020, 10.1038/s41380-020-00866-5

PubMed: 32826963 ( click the link to review the publication )

J Cell Sci, 2020, jcs.254268

PubMed: 33199520 ( click the link to review the publication )

Stem Cell Reports, 2020, 15(2):408-423

PubMed: 32735821 ( click the link to review the publication )

Cell Res, 2020, 10.1038/s41422-020-0385-7

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Cell Res, 2019, 29(12):1009-1026

PubMed: 31628434 ( click the link to review the publication )

EMBO J, 2019, 38(4)

PubMed: 30643021 ( click the link to review the publication )

PLoS Biol, 2019, 17(4):e3000228

PubMed: 31039152 ( click the link to review the publication )

Cell Rep, 2019, 29(13):4256-4267.e9

PubMed: 31875537 ( click the link to review the publication )

Cell Rep, 2019, 29(7):1986-2000

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Mol Ther, 2019, 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.08.011

PubMed: 31501033 ( click the link to review the publication )

Stem Cell Reports, 2019,

PubMed: 31231022 ( click the link to review the publication )

Cancer Lett, 2019, 442:53-67

PubMed: 30391781 ( click the link to review the publication )

Mol Ther Nucleic Acids, 2019, 16:73-81

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J Mater Chem B, 2019, 7(47):7525-7539

PubMed: 31720683 ( click the link to review the publication )

Transl Psychiatry, 2019, 9(1):306

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Int J Mol Sci, 2019, 20(17)

PubMed: 31484301 ( click the link to review the publication )
Biomed Pharmacother, 2019, 121:109618

PubMed: 31731189 ( click the link to review the publication )

Am J Transl Res, 2019, 11(8):5122-5133

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Exp Ther Med, 2019, 17(5):3573-3579

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Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1):10828

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EMBO Rep, 2018, 19(2):320-336

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Cell Death Dis, 2018, 9(7):747

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PLoS Genet, 2018, 14(11):e1007723

PubMed: 30444886 ( click the link to review the publication )

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Front Pharmacol, 2018, 9:1176

PubMed: 30416443 ( click the link to review the publication )

J Virol, 2018, 92(20)

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JCI Insight, 2018, 3(14)

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PLoS One, 2017, 12(3):e0173240

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Oncogene, 2017, 36(41):5668-5680

PubMed: 28581524 ( click the link to review the publication )

Oncotarget, 2017, 8(36):60135-60148

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Development, 2016, 143(12):2103-10

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Gen Comp Endocrinol, 2016, 237:98-108

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Sci Rep, 2016, 6:26835

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J Cyst Fibros, 2016, 15(3):285-94

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Sci Signal, 2016, 9(430):ra56

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Sci Rep, 2016, 6:36661

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Oncogene, 2016, 35(38):5070-7

PubMed: 26973244 ( click the link to review the publication )

J Biol Chem, 2015, 290(50):30030-41

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产品安全说明书

cAMP抑制剂选择性比较

生物活性

产品描述

靶点

Adenylyl cyclase (AC) ^[1]
(A wide variety of cell types)

体外研究

Forskolin可以使膜，细胞或组织制备液中cAMP含量上升。Forskolin 不仅可以活化AC 而且可以与某些其它蛋白相互作用，包括葡萄糖转运蛋白和离子通道。Forskolin能够促进9种不同独立AC形式的活化，虽然对AC9效率有点低，这可以用于提供一种鉴定和量化G蛋白 (G_s)–AC复合物高亲和性结合位点的方法。G蛋白偶联受体活化G蛋白有助于细胞中Forskolin刺激的cAMP 产生，因为 G蛋白-Forskolin对AC活性有增强作用^[1]。Forskolin在不与细胞表面受体相互作用前提下刺激腺苷酸环化酶活性。在脂肪细胞中Forskolin's促进 cAMP产生进而可以抑制嗜碱性粒细胞和肥大细胞脱颗粒作用以及组胺释放，降低血压、眼内压，抑制血小板聚集，促进血管舒张，支气管扩张和甲状腺激素分泌，刺激脂肪分解。Forskolin 抑制血小板活化因子 (PAF)的结合, 这种抑制不依赖于cAMP形成可能是 Forskolin's 直接作用于 PAF或者通过干扰PAF与它的受体结合实现的。Forskolin似乎对多种膜转运蛋白也有效果并且可以抑制脂肪细胞，红细胞，血小板，和其他细胞中的葡萄糖运输。Forskolin也被用于治疗青光眼^[2]。

Cell Data

Cell Lines	Assay Type	Concentration	Incubation Time	Formulation	Activity Description	PMID
HT-29	M{\nOGFxd3C2b4Ppd{BCe3OjeR?=	Mn7QOFDDqM7:TR?=	MXe0POKhcA>?	NWPUOYtoTE2VTx?=	NXrCSG1YcW6mdXPld{BkcGGwZ3XzJIlvKHSqZTDwbI9{eGixconsZZRqd25ic4TheJV{KG:oIGDQNmEhfGG{Z3X0dy=>	M{jNWVxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ2OUm3OFUyLz5{NEm5O\|Q2OTxxYU6=
SW480	NWXre\|VlSXCxcITvd4l{KEG\|c3H5	NYj0eIxKPDEEoN88US=>	NFXXW4U1QMLiaB?=	M3TNNGROW09?	MlTnbY5lfWOnczDjbIFv\2W\|IHnuJJRp\SCyaH;zdIhwenmuYYTpc44he3SjdIXzJI9nKFCSMlGgeIFz\2W2cx?=	NX;WXJU1RGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkS5PVc1PTFpPkK0PVk4PDVzPD;hQi=>
HT-29	M3nkc2Fxd3C2b4Ppd{BCe3OjeR?=	NXnvPFdDPDEEoN88US=>	NF6y[\|E1QMLiaB?=	NGnLfopFVVOR	M2joOolv\HWlZYOgZY4h[WO2aY\heIlwdiCxZjDjZZNx[XOnIEOvOy=>	MWW8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPDl7N{S1NUc,OjR7OUe0OVE9N2F-
SW480	M3vJU2Fxd3C2b4Ppd{BCe3OjeR?=	MnntOFDDqM7:TR?=	NYezTFFtPDkEoHi=	NFnPfJZFVVOR	NHPTVodqdmS3Y3XzJIFvKGGldHn2ZZRqd25ib3[gZ4F{eGG\|ZTCzM\|c>	M4C4SFxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ2OUm3OFUyLz5{NEm5O\|Q2OTxxYU6=
HT-29	MUjGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NYDyR21XPDEEoN88US=>	NIC1VHM4KGR?	M3njV2ROW09?	MWny[YR2[2W\|IHPvcI9vd3OyaHXy[UBnd3KvYYTpc44h[2GyYXLpcIl1gcLi	NEntRXQ9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NEm5O\|Q2OSd-MkS5PVc1PTF:L3G+
SW480	M3vRd2Z2dmO2aX;uJGF{e2G7	M1fmOlQxyqEQvF2=	M2O1OVch\A>?	M3O2NmROW09?	M{e0bJJm\HWlZYOgZ49td26xc4Do[ZJmKG[xcn3heIlwdiClYYDhZoltcXS7wrC=	NV:0UHBtRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkS5PVc1PTFpPkK0PVk4PDVzPD;hQi=>
HT-29	M2LCdWdzd3e2aDDJcohq[mm2aX;uJGF{e2G7	NWC0NoJCPDEEoN88US=>	MWSwMVczKGh?	MlHySG1UVw>?	M4XJWolvcGmkaYTzJINmdGxiZ4Lve5RpKHSrbXWg[IVx\W6mZX70cJk>	MkDqQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjR7OUe0OVEoRjJ2OUm3OFUyRC:jPh?=
SW480	MXXHdo94fGhiSX7obYJqfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	MUm0NOKh\|ryP	M4T4V\|AuPzJiaB?=	MontSG1UVw>?	NYnXco9QcW6qaXLpeJMh[2WubDDndo94fGhidHnt[UBl\XCnbnTlcpRtgQ>?	M{nNWlxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ2OUm3OFUyLz5{NEm5O\|Q2OTxxYU6=
HT-29	Mnq3SpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	NWDrdmplPDEEoN88US=>	NV23eIlPPDkEoHi=	MXTEUXNQ	NH\HSYxi[3SrdnH0[ZMhWFB{QR?=	M1LiclxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ2OUm3OFUyLz5{NEm5O\|Q2OTxxYU6=
SW480	MWLGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NUPCW5ppPDEEoN88US=>	NVzUU49WPDkEoHi=	M2nFdGROW09?	Mk\YZYN1cX[jdHXzJHBROkF?	M1jNZlxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ2OUm3OFUyLz5{NEm5O\|Q2OTxxYU6=
C6	NFT3TVRHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	NHjoVGUyOCEQvF5CpC=>	M1frVVIxKG2rbh?=		M{nTTolv[3KnYYPld{BkSU2SIHHjZ5VufWyjdHnvci=>	NVuxNVV2RGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkWwOlk1OTdpPkK1NFY6PDF5PD;hQi=>
Huh-7	MlewSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	MV[wMVIxKM7:TR?=	Ml\WNkBpyqB?		NFXKZmtz\XO3bITzJIlvKGFiZH;z[U1l\XCnbnTlcpQhcW6lcnXhd4UhcW5iYz3NfYMh\XiycnXzd4lwdiCjdDD0bIUheHKxdHXpckBidmRibWLORUBt\X[nbIO=	MWO8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPTFyOUizOEc,OjVzMEm4N\|Q9N2F-
THP-1	MUDGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	MnzjNU8yOCEQvF2=	M2nKPVLDqGh?	NXq1VXdHTE2VT9Mg	MoLPd5VxeHKnc4Pld{BOS1BvMTDwdo9lfWO2aX;uxsA>	NIHGR3Y9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUG1OFg5Oid-MkWxOVQ5QDJ:L3G+
BeWo	MUjGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NEXwRoIzOCEEtV2=	MWi0PEBp	NF;qPWZFVVORwrC=	MlzlbY5lfWOnczDj[YxtKG[3c3nvci=>	MWK8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPTF6NES3O{c,OjVzOES0O\|c9N2F-
ventricular cardiomyocytes	MUPGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	MWCwMlAyNTFyIN88US=>			Mki3[ZZwc2W\|IHHuJIlvd3S{b4DpZ{Bz\XOyb37z[UAyOjEEsUG1KUBi[m:4ZTDiZZNidCC5aYToJIFvKEWFNUFCpI9nKDJwMjFCuW0>	M4rBXVxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3MkCzNVE{Lz5{NUKwN\|EyOzxxYU6=
ventricular cardiomyocytes	M4qz[mZ2dmO2aX;uJGF{e2G7	NWH0WpJ6OC5yMT2xNEDPxE1?			M2T0T4lv[3KnYYPld{Ah[0GPUDDhZ4N2dXWuYYTpc44>	NV24RZFzRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkWyNFMyOTNpPkK1NlA{OTF\|PD;hQi=>
MIN6	MWfGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	MVOxNEDPxE4EoB?=	M3\mR\|MhcA>?		NETqUWNqdmO{ZXHz[ZMhTDNibWLORUBmgHC{ZYPzbY9v	M3rlN\|xiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3MkSxNVI1Lz5{NUK0NVEzPDxxYU6=
L6	MYrGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	Mlj5OFAhyrWP	MkjBNlQhcA>?		NIX4XJBqdmirYnn0d{BFVUhzLXnu[JVk\WRiQXv0JIFkfGm4YYTpc44>	NYPXepdIRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkWyOFc2PTBpPkK1NlQ4PTVyPD;hQi=>
HEK‐CFTR	MXPGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NITmcm4z6oDVNUFCpO69VQ>?	MWiwMVEzKG2rbh?=	M2PNOmROW00EoB?=	MoHmbY5lfWOnczDhJIRwe2YkgKDk[ZBmdmSnboSgbY9lcWSnIHXm[ox2gMLi	NVi5VVRjRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkWyOlMzODdpPkK1NlY{OjB5PD;hQi=>
SK-N-SH	NI\JPJBE\WyuIG\pZYJqdGm2eTDBd5NigQ>?	NFHzSFkyOCEQvF5CpC=>	NFvmN2M1QCCq		NVvDUoVu\W6qYX7j[ZMhW0tvTj3TTEBv\XW{b3LsZZN1d22jIHPlcIwhfmmjYnnsbZR6	NX\PWGtFRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkWyOlYxPjNpPkK1NlY3ODZ\|PD;hQi=>
SK-N-AS	NH\rO5dHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	NHznUXEyOCEQvF5CpC=>	MYmxNE8{OC94MDDtbY4>		NGPvXZhqdmO{ZXHz[ZMhdGW4ZXzzJI9nKHBvzsKtZ4F1\W6rbjCod4VzPjd3KTDhcoQhcW6mdXPld{Bi[2O3bYXsZZRqd25ib3[gdE3Pui2lYYTlcolvKCi\|ZYK2O\|UqKGmwIDjw[ZJqMW63Y3zlZZIhemWpaX;udy=>	Mn[2QIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV{Nk[wOlMoRjJ3Mk[2NFY{RC:jPh?=
SK-N-AS	MnflSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	MornNVAh\|ryPwrC=	MmDSN\|AhdWmw		MVvpcoR2[2W\|IIDoc5NxcG:{eXzheIlwdiCxZjFOtk1k[XSnbnnuJEh{\XJ4N{WpMEBxNUeVS{ROtkApe2W{OTmgZY5lKGOxbnPvcYl1[W62IHjp[4hmeiCuZY\lcJMhd2ZiYXP0bZZmNCC3boDoc5NxcG:{eXzheIVlNCEQsj3jZZRmdmmw	M3LZeFxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3Mk[2NFY{Lz5{NUK2OlA3OzxxYU6=
SK-N-AS	NVTYbW9RTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	MmOzNVAh\|ryPwrC=	NYftUFM1OjRiaB?=		MorUbY5kemWjc3XzJJRp\SCneIDy[ZN{cW:wIH;mJIN6[2yrbjDENS=>	NVLXZ2tvRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkWyOlYxPjNpPkK1NlY3ODZ\|PD;hQi=>
SK-N-AS	Ml3HSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	NEfEPI4yOCEQvF5CpC=>	M4XoNlI1KGh?		MVfpcoNz\WG\|ZYOgeIhmKGODTWCgcIV3\Wy\|wrC=	NI\MN\|U9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUK2OlA3Oyd-MkWyOlYxPjN:L3G+
SK-N-AS	MWrD[YxtKF[rYXLpcIl1gSCDc4PhfS=>	MWCxNEDPxE4EoB?=	NIjhRngzPC92ODDo		Mk\C[Y5p[W6lZYOgeIlu\S2mZYDlcoRmdnSueTDj[YxtfWyjcjD2bYFjcWyrdIpCpC=>	NInZTI49[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUK2OlA3Oyd-MkWyOlYxPjN:L3G+
granulosa cells	NVfzS3BrTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	NUPudnJpOTBizszN	M1W0VVI1KGh?		M4fwVolv[3KnYYPld{B1cGVibHX2[Yx{KG:oIGLHV\|IheHKxbX;0[ZIh[WO2aY\peJk>	MmDuQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV\|M{mxNFUoRjJ3M{O5NVA2RC:jPh?=
granulosa cells	MXPGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NYP5[ZV2OTBizszN	NHfKS\|EzPCCq		NYTRU5A5cW6lcnXhd4V{KHSqZTDpcpRmdnOrdImgc4YhTE6DL4Dyc5RmcW5iY3;tdIxmgA>?	M1O2S\|xiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3M{O5NVA2Lz5{NUOzPVExPTxxYU6=
granulosa cells	NUf2SGJOTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	NIP5XFEyOCEQvF2=	NULVV2x1OTJxMkSgbC=>		MVvpcoNz\WG\|ZYOgeIhmKGyndnXsd{Bw\iC{ZYDvdpRmeiCjY4Tpeol1gSCob4KgeIhmKGyxbnfld5Qh\nKjZ33lcpQhMOLKkki1OE8sOTiUR2OyMmxWSyl?	NXO2UHh2RGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkWzN\|kyODVpPkK1N\|M6OTB3PD;hQi=>
granulosa cells	NEPaPVFHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	M4LUZlExKM7:TR?=	MlewNVIwOjRiaB?=		MXvpcoNz\WG\|ZYOgeIhmKGyndnXsd{Bw\sLiUlfTNuKhdVKQQR?=	NYnIfXY1RGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkWzN\|kyODVpPkK1N\|M6OTB3PD;hQi=>
BeWo	MXrGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NUCxSVR5OjEEoNM1US=>	MVW0POKhcMLi	M{SwfGROW00EoB?=	NIjxW2Nld3ewcnXneYxifGW\|IITo[UBt\X[nbDDv[kBIS01vMR?=	MmD1QIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV\|NkKyOlAoRjJ3M{[yNlYxRC:jPh?=
BeWo	NIqxUpJHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	Ml\ONlDDqML3TR?=	NXXH[W05PDkEoHlCpC=>	M1vnS2ROW00EoB?=	M4nKWoRwf26{ZXf1cIF1\XNidHjlJIxmfmWuIH;mJHROTU2IMU[=	NVOzfGNFRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkWzOlIzPjBpPkK1N\|YzOjZyPD;hQi=>
BeWo	MUfGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NET5V48zOMLiwsXN	NWOwSJI1PDkEoHlCpC=>	MVXEUXNQyqB?	NEKyU\|lqdmO{ZXHz[ZMhfGinIHLleIEucEOJIILlcIVie2V?	M{jKdlxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3M{[yNlYxLz5{NUO2NlI3ODxxYU6=
EM1	M{fxcGZ2dmO2aX;uJGF{e2G7	MmC2NVXjiIsQvF2=	MWW0PEBp		NHH6S2xz\WS3Y3XzJJRp\SCneIDy[ZN{cW:wIH;mxsBNUUcEoH;yxsBRXEeVMtMgbY7DqEODTGKtJI9zyqCHUFHDNk1{cWynbnPl[EBGVTFiY3XscJPDqA>?	M4nqcVxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3M{e4OlYyLz5{NUO3PFY3OTxxYU6=
Primary bovine chondrocytes	NFrDfFlIem:5dHigTY5pcWKrdHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	M32yeFXPxE1?	NIfOcGY1QCCq		NFn0UY1z\X[ncoPld{B1cGViaX7obYJqfG:{eTDl[oZm[3Rib3[gZ4Vt\WOxeHniJI9vKHC{b3zp[oVz[XSrb36gbY4h\3Kxd4ToJJBt[XSnIHPoc45lem:leYTldy=>	NYjqb4h{RGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkW0NFYxOTZpPkK1OFA3ODF4PD;hQi=>
RBMECs	NUnwU\|JuTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	NE\QcXc2yqEQvF2=	MmTZNUBp		NVjyNW9X[myxY3vzJJRp\SCjY4TpckBkgXSxc3vlcIV1d25icnXhdpJidmenbXXueEB{\WWwIIfpeIghTU2DUD3JTUB1emWjdH3lcpTDqA>?	NYHtcIlwRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkW0NVY3PTFpPkK1OFE3PjVzPD;hQi=>
RBMECs	NIq3TWZHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	Mn3iOeKh\|ryP	NHGyZ2QyKGh?		MoS2Zoxw[2u\|IITo[UBGVUGSLVnJMYlv\HWlZXSgZ4hidmenIHnuJG1NSyCyaH;zdIhwenmuYYTpc44>	MYS8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPTRzNk[1NUc,OjV2MU[2OVE9N2F-
RBMECs	MYDGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NVzyXYFQPcLizszN	NWGxdnY3OSCq		MnTBdoV3\XK\|ZYOgeIhmKGOqYX7n[ZMhcW5iWl:tNUBlcXO2cnnieZRqd25ic3XlckB4cXSqIFXNRXAuUUlidILlZZRu\W62	Mlf6QIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV2MU[2OVEoRjJ3NEG2OlUyRC:jPh?=
RBMECs	NITUSYtHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	NH74NWI2yqEQvF2=	Ml\BNUBp		M4WwXYlvcGmkaYTzJJRp\SCmZXPy[YF{\WRib3[gZY1wfW62IH;mJHpQNTFiaX6gUWZ{KGmwZIXj[YQh[nliRV3BVE1KUQ>?	NITKdGg9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUSxOlY2OSd-MkW0NVY3PTF:L3G+
RBMECs	NVzKT\|FWTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	Mo[1OeKh\|ryP	NXXuN4trOSCq		NYnaWFIxeHKndnXueJMhfGinIHnuZ5Jm[XOnIHnuJGhTWCCobIX4JIFkem:\|czD0bIUhSlSEIHnu[JVk\WRiYomgJGVOSVBvSVm=	M2rWdVxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3NEG2OlUyLz5{NUSxOlY2OTxxYU6=
RBMECs	NYLPSFRpTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	MYS1xsDPxE1?	M4DCUFEhcA>?		Ml[1dJJmfmWwdIOgeIhmKEWPQWCtTWkucW6mdXPl[EBVTUWUII\hcJVmKGSnY4LlZZNm	M2fGRVxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3NEG2OlUyLz5{NUSxOlY2OTxxYU6=
RBMECs	MoTNSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	NYi5bZRmPcLizszN	MlL4NUBp		NGrObFdjdG:la4OgeIhmKGGldHn2ZZRqd25ib3[gVohwSS:UT1PLJIlv\HWlZXSgZpkhTU2DUD3JTS=>	MmK4QIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV2MU[2OVEoRjJ3NEG2OlUyRC:jPh?=
RBMECs	NUnDepJITnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	Mk\sNE4xPS9yLkWvOUDPxE1?	M{fEVVAvOjViaB?=		M4LE[olv[3KnYYPld{BkSU2SIHPvcoNmdnS{YYTpc44>	M{jXUFxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3NEG2OlUyLz5{NUSxOlY2OTxxYU6=
ThGCs	NWrj[HdRTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	MmLlNVDjiIsQvF2=	NFnVV\|A{KGh?		NIP5coRqdmirYnn0d{B1cGViZX\m[YN1KG:oIFiyU\|Ihd25iRVTONkBuWk6D	NYPJdY13RGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkW0N\|MxOjdpPkK1OFM{ODJ5PD;hQi=>
ThGCs	NEjFRmNHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	M17wRVEx6oDMzszN	MlPTOQKBkmh?		MmjobY5kemWjc3XzJGNwS2x{LXnu[JVk\WRiRVTONuKh\2WwZTDlfJBz\XO\|aX;u	NHS5d5o9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUSzN\|AzPyd-MkW0N\|MxOjd:L3G+
ThGCs	NVXSfWtETnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	NXnBcnNlOTEkgJtOwG0>	MYC05qCLcA>?		NWD1eXZv[XWpbXXueJMhUEmIMVGgcIV3\Wy\|IIToZZQhf2W{ZTDzeIlufWyjdHXkJIJ6KEOxQ3yy	NYjSWW9KRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkW0N\|MxOjdpPkK1OFM{ODJ5PD;hQi=>
LNCaP	NG\1VJNHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	NUjBfoc{OTEEoN88US=>	M3vTS\|EzKGkEoB?=	NWLXN\|JUTE2VTx?=	NFTrU\|VqdmS3Y3XzJIEh\HKjbXH0bYMhcW6lcnXhd4Uhd2ZiQ2LFRlEh[WO2aY\peJk>	MnPTQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV3NEiwPVkoRjJ3NUS4NFk6RC:jPh?=
BeWo	NXj3[pVETnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	M4fEUVIxyqEEtV2=	MV[0POKhcA>?	NEDKb2tFVVOR	NVzYSXd{cW6lcnXhd4V{KHSqZTDh[Ihme2mxbjDv[kBVUFBvMTDtc45w[3m2ZYO=	M4nGbVxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3NU[2O\|QxLz5{NUW2Olc1ODxxYU6=
BeWo	MW\GeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NGnscZMzOMLiwsXN	Ml3TOFjDqGh?	NXOzOJFiTE2VTx?=	NH\yZpVqdmO{ZXHz[ZMhfGinIHTp[oZmemWwdHnheIlwdiCxZjDC[XdwKGOnbHzz	MUm8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPTV4Nke0NEc,OjV3Nk[3OFA9N2F-
OCI-Ly18	MmrzSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	MojqOFDDqM7:TR?=	M3PJW\|HDqGkEoB?=	MmL4SG1UVw>?	MXLpcoR2[2W\|IITo[UBqdmO{ZX3lcpQhd2ZiY1HNVEBkd26lZX70doF1cW:wcx?=	NHztN209[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUW3OlIzOCd-MkW1O\|YzOjB:L3G+
OCI-Ly1	MmHiSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	NGCwRXE1OMLizszN	M2XmTFHDqGkEoB?=	NYqyNZBKTE2VTx?=	MWfpcoR2[2W\|IITo[UBqdmO{ZX3lcpQhd2ZiY1HNVEBkd26lZX70doF1cW:wcx?=	M1\FRlxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3NUe2NlIxLz5{NUW3OlIzODxxYU6=
3T3-L1	MULGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	MVKyMlUwPSEQvF2=	M3XSSVI1KGkEoB?=		MVPzbYdvcW[rY3HueIx6KGSnY4LlZZNmeyCDVFfMJJBzd3SnaX6g[ZhxemW\|c3nvckBifCCjbHyg[I9{\XNidHXzeIVl	NEHsOWo9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUW5NFU6Pyd-MkW1PVA2QTd:L3G+
HEK293	MnrISpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	M3HuflXjiIoEtV2=	MV:zNEBucW5?		MX;pcoNz\WG\|ZYOgZ2FOWCCuZY\lcJM>	M13ONVxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3NUmxPVA5Lz5{NUW5NVkxQDxxYU6=
hADSCs	Mn;FSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	M4PQcFXjiIoEtV2=	MonWN\|AhdWmw		M1viU4lv[3KnYYPld{BkSU2SIHzleoVtew>?	NF7GbVk9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUW5NVkxQCd-MkW1PVE6ODh:L3G+
SH-SY5Y	NGnWdHdHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	MmPFNVDDqM7:TR?=	NIPmN3cyyqCqwrC=		MkfobY5kemWjc3XzJGFISzFibWLORUBt\X[nbB?=	NH\1RoY9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUW5O\|Q{Oyd-MkW1PVc1OzN:L3G+
SH-SY5Y	MYjGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NFW0[pQyOMLizszN	MXexxsBpyqB?		NXzxU\|BPcW6lcnXhd4V{KEyXQzDhZ5Rqfmm2eR?=	M3v5flxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3NUm3OFM{Lz5{NUW5O\|Q{OzxxYU6=
UACC-647	NVLURYlUTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	MVSxNOKh\|ryP	NUTaOmJGOTVibXnu	MWPEUXNQ	NFfPfFRqdmO{ZXHz[ZMh\UWIMjDwbI9{eGixconsZZRqd25ibHX2[Yx{yqB?	MormQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV5MEOwNlUoRjJ3N{CzNFI2RC:jPh?=
UACC-647	NFX3SIVHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	NVPOVmlDOTEEoN88US=>	MlnCNVUhdWmw	NVPUc5RDTE2VTx?=	MmnBbY5pcWKrdIOgSXJMKHCqb4PwbI9zgWyjdHnvci=>	MlfGQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV5MEOwNlUoRjJ3N{CzNFI2RC:jPh?=
UACC-647	NX;2VYN2TnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=			NHHVR2xFVVOR	NFe1eo5t\WGmczD0c{BiKHKrc3WgbY4h[0GPUDDs[ZZmdHNiKFXDOVDDqD4EoEKwMlM6yqEQvF2p	M4XuOFxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3N{CzNFI2Lz5{NUewN\|AzPTxxYU6=
SC	MXvGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	MlnUNE42KM7:TR?=	M2L3XlczKGh?		Mnz4bY5kemWjc3XzJIJwfGhiS4LvfE0zOCCjbnSgU\|Eh\XiycnXzd4lwdiCrbjDhfI9vNXKnbHH0[YQhW0O\|IHL1eEBwdmy7IFvyc5guOjEEoB?=	NYH0c4tZRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkW3NFU5PzRpPkK1O\|A2QDd2PD;hQi=>
SC	Ml;xSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	M3;sRlAvPSEQvF2=	NXj1TIh3OjRiaB?=		MVztbY1q[2u\|IITo[UBm\m[nY4Sgc4Yh[0GPUDDhcoFtd2e\|IH;uJG8yKGGwZDDNRnAh\XiycnXzd4lwdg>?	NITy[Ig9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUewOVg4PCd-MkW3NFU5PzR:L3G+
oocytes	M3zqZ2Z2dmO2aX;uJGF{e2G7	NXHWNJVwPSEQvF2=	M3vQflI1KGh?		NWHJN2ZE[XS2ZX71ZZRmeyC{aD3pcpN2dGmwIHHjeIlwdiCxbjDvc4N6fGViR2\CSEB{cWewaX\pZ4FvfGy7wrC=	MY[8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPTdyN{i1OEc,OjV5MEe4OVQ9N2F-
BeWo	NFTnfolHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	MV:xNQKBks7:TdMg	NFPpUWg4OiCq	M4izdWROW09?	MVrt[YRq[XSnczDC[XdwKGOnbHyg[Iln\mW{ZX70bYF1cW:w	M2[2fVxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3N{GzOFI2Lz5{NUexN\|QzPTxxYU6=
GH3	NUGydllSTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	NYq4OGtVOcLizszN	M3LBU\|YucA>?		M4jsdolv\HWlZYOgVHJNKGGwZDDCcYFtOSxiYoX0JI5wfCCFbH;jb{whdVKQQTDlfJBz\XO\|aX;u	Mlq4QIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV5MkewNVgoRjJ3N{K3NFE5RC:jPh?=
GH3	NID1SYZHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	Mkf1NeKh\|ryP	M3O0PVYucA>?		NH\yb29ifHSnboXheIV{KHSqZTDjc5Jz\WyjdHnvckBj\XS5ZXXuJHBTVCCjbnSgRo1idDFiZYjwdoV{e2mxbh?=	NWrPW4R7RGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkW3NlcxOThpPkK1O\|I4ODF6PD;hQi=>
PC12	Mo\CSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	NUXYZWZoOjYEoN88US=>	NIH3dHI1QCCq		NVjOVIFI[WO2aY\heIV{KGODTWC=	M3;KNlxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3N{[5N\|A2Lz5{NUe2PVMxPTxxYU6=
BAECs	NH\kdlhHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	MUKyOUDPxE1?	MV:yOEBp		MlLq[Y5p[W6lZYOgeIhmKGGldHn2ZZRqd25ib3[gVHBCWs7zIHL5JFUh\|ryPIILld5ZmemG2cn;sMEBVPEiVLDDvdkA1NVCDUB?=	M4SwbFxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3N{m4PFI3Lz5{NUe5PFgzPjxxYU6=
GLUTag	Mom5SpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	MV6xNQKBkcL3TR?=	NXHEU3V2PCCq		NIfxbHJqdmO{ZXHz[ZMhfGinIIDDVmVDKGyndnXsd{B4cXSqIITo[UBKSk2[	MXW8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPTh\|Mk[zNUc,OjV6M{K2N\|E9N2F-
GLUTag	NHGyXVdHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	MkDvNVDjiIoEtV2=	NUPOR3ZqOC9{L{SgbC=>		NVTlblgxe3SrbYXsZZRmeyCJTGCtNUB{\WO{ZYTpc44h[2:2cnXheIVlKHerdHigTWJOYA>?	MorsQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV6M{K2N\|EoRjJ3OEOyOlMyRC:jPh?=
PBMC	NFXnW4JHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	NV3mPY9RPTEEoN88US=>	M4[xb\|I1yqCqwrC=		NYnZfIpYcW6qaXLpeJMhfGinIHnuZ5Jm[XOnZDDz[YNz\XSrb36gc4YhXE6IIHnu[JVk\WRiYomgeIhmKESSRR?=	NGnwV\|Y9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUi2OlA4QSd-MkW4OlYxPzl:L3G+
H295R	NFn4PVhHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	MXyxNOKh\|ryP	NHz1ZnU1QMLiaB?=		NXzSdnAycW6lcnXhd4V{KHO2ZYLvbYQhdWW2YXLvcIl1\XNiaX6geIhmKGGwZILv[4VvNCCvaX7ldoFtdy1iYX7kJIdtfWOxY3;yeIlkd2mmIIDheIh4[Xm\|	MlLZQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV6Nkm1OVYoRjJ3OE[5OVU3RC:jPh?=
3T3-L1 preadipocytes	Mn;ySpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	M2DOeVExKM7:TdMg	NEPTUHQyOiCq		NG\UTllqdmS3Y3XzJGNTTUJicHjvd5Bpd3K7bHH0bY9vKGGwZDDDM2VDWM7{IHX4dJJme3Orb36=	M1;zTFxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ3OUK4NFU5Lz5{NUmyPFA2QDxxYU6=
PCCL3	M37RTGZ2dmO2aX;uJGF{e2G7	NGTaR3YyOCEEtV2=	MoCzNlQhcA>?		NFm1WIhmdmijbnPld{BFfU:6MjDwdo9ud3SncjD0doFve2O{aYD0bY9vKGGldHn2bZR6yqEkgJu=	MnvFQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjV7NkC5OVYoRjJ3OU[wPVU3RC:jPh?=
SCG	MXvGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NYXlVGs{OTByIN88UeKh		NF3ISo9FVVOR	M3HwVpJm\HWlZYOgeIhmKGW6Y3n0ZYJqdGm2eTDv[kBUS0dibnX1do9vew>?	NVrxU5ZrRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkW5OlIyOzJpPkK1PVYzOTN{PD;hQi=>
HEK-293	NFHLT5NHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	MX[zOUDPxE4EoB?=		NUPJT5RYTE2VTx?=	NV7XWWRKcW6mdXPld{BiKGOxboPwbYN2d3W\|IPMAoIlv[WO2aY\heIlwduLCnTDv[kB1cGViS4[yMlEh[3W{cnXueC=>	NFz2PY89[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NUm2NlE{Oid-MkW5OlIyOzJ:L3G+
SCG	NUPpPZhjTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	MX[yNEDPxE4EoB?=		MWPEUXNQ	Mn;sdoV3\XK\|aXLsfUB{fXCycnXzd4V{KEmNVjD3bZRpKGFiSVO1NEBw\iB{ND60JO69VQ>?	MYG8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPTl4MkGzNkc,OjV7NkKxN\|I9N2F-
PC-3	MWjD[YxtKF[rYXLpcIl1gSCDc4PhfS=>	NV;XRo1IPDBiwsXN	NGW2NXEzPC92OD:3NkBp	MVHEUXNQ	NHHuXJZl\WO{ZXHz[ZMh[2WubDD2bYFjcWyrdImgeIlu\SCmZYDlcoRmdnSueR?=	M1H2W\|xiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ4MEKzPFM3Lz5{NkCyN\|g{PjxxYU6=
PC-3	NFLkWGRHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	NX7DRWF4PDBiwsXN	NGP4ZW8zKGh?	NYn5eG9iTE2VTx?=	NWLacFJ3dGWjZIOgeI8hWFB{QTDhZ5RqfmG2aX;u	NITQXmM9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NkCyN\|g{Pid-Mk[wNlM5OzZ:L3G+
SH-SY5Y	NVXWcHpYTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	MoTlN\|Ah\|ryP	MW[zNEBucW5?	NIfEV2tFVVOR	MlPOd4lodmmoaXPhcpRtgSCrbnPy[YF{\XNidHjlJIFkfGm4YYTpc44hd2ZiUFvB	NYfle4c5RGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMk[wNlUyOzdpPkK2NFI2OTN5PD;hQi=>
EndoC-βH1	NV23bYx4TnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	NHf1fYk2yqEQvF2=	NIr6[IIyKGh?		NFThXJJt\WGmczD0c{BiKHO2cn;u[{BkSU2SIHnuZ5Jm[XOn	NUfadpVTRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMk[wNlg2PjJpPkK2NFI5PTZ{PD;hQi=>
EndoC-βH1	NIrVNoxHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	NYO5VGNUPcLizszN	NHnzR2gyKGh?		NXjuT3ZFeG:2ZX70bYF1\XNiZ3z1Z49{\S2rbnT1Z4VlKGmwc4XsbY4he2WlcnX0bY9vKGmwIITo[UBxemW\|ZX7j[UBw\iCpbIXjc5Nm	M2LReFxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ4MEK4OVYzLz5{NkCyPFU3OjxxYU6=
RBMECs	MU\GeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	MX21xsDPxE1?	MW[xJIg>		MUTpcohq[mm2czDFUWFRNUmLLXnu[JVk\WRiaX7hZ5RqfmG2aX;uJI9nKFKjcEJCpC=>	MmnwQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjZyNES2OlMoRjJ4MES0OlY{RC:jPh?=
AML-12	NILoV49HfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	M1PZXlIxKM7:TR?=	NVnh[m1FOyCq		M4HqTolv\HWlZYOgeIhmKGSncHjvd5Bpd3K7bHH0bY9vKG:oIFPSWGMzyqB?	MnmyQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjZyNEi5PFUoRjJ4MES4PVg2RC:jPh?=
AML-12	NULRdZpPTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	M33xZlIxKM7:TR?=	MlrRN{Bp		MXT1dE1z\We3bHH0[ZPDqFCpY{HhMOKhWGWyY3usJIFv\MLiR{\wZ:KhdVKQQTDs[ZZmdHN?	MmLxQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjZyNEi5PFUoRjJ4MES4PVg2RC:jPh?=
AML-12	NF;4ZotHfW6ldHnvckBCe3OjeR?=	NYHO[XdoOjBizszN	M4rjOFEuQCCq		NEL4fotqdmO{ZXHz[ZMh\2y3Y3;z[UBxem:mdXP0bY9v	M3jkSFxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ4MES4PVg2Lz5{NkC0PFk5PTxxYU6=
AML-12	M{PRfGZ2dmO2aX;uJGF{e2G7	NH\Jb5QzOCEQvF2=	NVPmO5h2OyCq		M163PJVxemWpdXzheIV{KHSqZTDwbI9{eGixconsZZRqd25ibHX2[Yx{KGG2IGTodk01OTFiYX7kJHNmei12OUO=	MlfmQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjZyNEi5PFUoRjJ4MES4PVg2RC:jPh?=
Caco-2	MnzDSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	NIHWWWcxNjFxMT:xNEDPxE1?	MUGyOEBp		MUDpcoNz\WG\|ZYOgUXJROiCycn;0[YlvKGyndnXs	NIXheow9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NkC0PVExOid-Mk[wOFkyODJ:L3G+
Caco-2	Mni4SpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	NHfuNo8xNjFxMT:xNEDPxE1?	NYHU[JBvOjEEoH3pci=>		MWfpcoR2[2W\|IHGg[I9{\S2mZYDlcoRmdnRiaX7jdoVie2ViaX6gbY51emGlZXzseYxieiClQV3QJIxmfmWucx?=	MUC8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPjB2OUGwNkc,OjZyNEmxNFI9N2F-
bovine oocytes	MXTGeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	NXLFXZVyOTBywrFOwG0>	NXvKWI9WOTMEoHi=		M{TZXolvcGmkaYTzJJRp\SCnZn\lZ5Qhd2ZiTmDQRUBidmRxb4KgUnBRSyC2bzDzeIlufWyjdHWgdoV{fW2ydHnvckBw\iCvZXnvd4l{	M3\2SFxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ4MEWxOlEyLz5{NkC1NVYyOTxxYU6=
BeWo	Mnn1SpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	MYGyOgKBkc7:TR?=	MUeyOE81QC95MjDo		NUDjWoNidGWjZIOgeI8h[W5iaX7jdoVie2ViaX6geIhmKGW6cILld5Nqd25ib3[gc5Rp\XJiZoXzbY9vKG2jcnvldpM>	MoOyQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjZyNUO1OFkoRjJ4MEWzOVQ6RC:jPh?=
Spinal cords	MonWSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	MnPhNeKh\|ryP	M2C1O\|MxKG2rbh?=		NVvOT3VEe3SrbYXsZZRmeyClQV3QJIxmfmWucx?=	NIP1eZc9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NkGyOlkzPid-Mk[xNlY6OjZ:L3G+
MDCK	MkTlSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	M3:ySFExKML3TR?=	NIrp[5gzPCCq	NIDhOGdFVVOR	M4fE[IlvcGmkaYTzJJRp\SCrbnPy[YF{\WRiZYjwdoV{e2mxbjDv[kBHViClYYXz[YQh[nliVFfGMe6zOQ>?	MmPLQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjZ{MEKzOVIoRjJ4MkCyN\|UzRC:jPh?=
MDCK	NWnJZlE4TnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	MUixNEDDvU1?	NYDFflNjOjRiaB?=	NEDDSppFVVOR	NVzrZ2xvfXC{ZXf1cIF1\XNidHjlJIV5eHKnc4Ppc44hd2ZiVFfGMe6zOSCjbnSgR3RITsLi	NUXYfHZDRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMk[yNFI{PTJpPkK2NlAzOzV{PD;hQi=>
RPMI 8226	MmTjR4VtdCCYaXHibYxqfHliQYPzZZk>	NYXXdnpHOC1zMECg{txO	MofRO\|LjiImq		Ml7pbY5lfWOnczDj[YxtKGSnYYToJIRwe2ViZHXw[Y5l\W62bIm=	MWe8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPjNyNk[yOEc,OjZ\|ME[2NlQ9N2F-
H929	M4HSOGNmdGxiVnnhZoltcXS7IFHzd4F6	NVv5WWZ4OC1zMECg{txO	Mm\JO\|LjiImq		MXjpcoR2[2W\|IHPlcIwh\GWjdHig[I9{\SCmZYDlcoRmdnSueR?=	Mnz6QIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOjZ\|ME[2NlQoRjJ4M{C2OlI1RC:jPh?=
U266	M3z2[GNmdGxiVnnhZoltcXS7IFHzd4F6	MlHhNE0yODBizszN	M13uS\|cz6oDLaB?=		NYLJPVRWcW6mdXPld{Bk\WyuIHTlZZRpKGSxc3Wg[IVx\W6mZX70cJk>	MUC8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zPjNyNk[yOEc,OjZ\|ME[2NlQ9N2F-
OPM-2	NGPBPJJE\WyuIG\pZYJqdGm2eTDBd5NigQ>?	MkfaNE0yODBizszN	NUjsW3Q1PzMkgJno		MWPpcoR2[2W\|IHPlcIwh\GWjdHig[I9{\SCmZYDlcoRmdnSueR?=	M2i0O\|xiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ4M{C2OlI1Lz5{NkOwOlYzPDxxYU6=
INA-6	NX7RfZVvS2WubDDWbYFjcWyrdImgRZN{[Xl?	MoTUNE0yODBizszN	NX\4dJE{PzMkgJno		MUXpcoR2[2W\|IHPlcIwh\GWjdHig[I9{\SCmZYDlcoRmdnSueR?=	NVHPTWxxRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMk[zNFY3OjRpPkK2N\|A3PjJ2PD;hQi=>
RBMECs	MX;GeY5kfGmxbjDBd5NigQ>?	MVu1xsDPxE1?	MYSxxsBp		NGn5SoljdG:la4OgeIhmKFKjY{GgbY5i[3SrdnH0bY9vKGmwZIXj[YQh[nliRV3BVE1KUQ>?	NWLWcFdrRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMk[zOVgxOzlpPkK2N\|U5ODN7PD;hQi=>
Mo-DCs	NWfiTnBvTnWwY4Tpc44hSXO\|YYm=	MomyOVAh\|ryP	MXiyOQKBkWh?		M4PGd5Bzd22xdHXzJGlNNTJ\|IIDyc4R2[3Srb36gbY4hfGinIIP1dIVzdmG2YX70JI9nKHq7bX;zZY4he3SrbYXsZZRm\CCPbz3ER5PDqA>?	M{jqVlxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ4NEGyPVQ5Lz5{NkSxNlk1QDxxYU6=
HEK293	MnzRSpVv[3Srb36gRZN{[Xl?	NFXpc\|MyOCEQvF2=	M3f1S\|YhcA>?		MmnRbY5kemWjc3XzJJBpd3OyaH;yfYxifGmxbjDv[kBwfmW{ZYjwdoV{e2WmIFvMTGw{KGG2IGO0N\|M>	NFPxNmE9[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{NkSzOVQ6QCd-Mk[0N\|U1QTh:L3G+
ASK	MYnGeY5kfGmxbjDhd5NigQ>?		MV6xJIhz			NHLSV249[SC2YYLn[ZQ:L1:kbHHub{chcHKnZk2nbJR1eHN8Lz;weYJu\WRwbnPibU5vdG1wbnnoModwfi9{OES5OlQyLz5{OES5OlQyRC:jPh?=
Vero E6	MVrBcpRqfmm{YXygZZN{[Xl?					NWTtTINXRGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMUe2OlM2OzlpPkG3OlY{PTN7PD;hQi=>
epithelial cells	NXLzSWJoTnWwY4Tpc44h[XO\|YYm=	NFvGfIUyKHWP	MV[0MEA3NCCjbnSgPEBl[Xm\|			MYK8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8yQTl4Nke4PUc,OTl7Nk[3PFk9N2F-
HepG2 (DPX-2)	M2m0TmZ2dmO2aX;uJIF{e2G7		MnXzNlQhcHK\|			MVe8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zODl4NkC0N{c,OjB7Nk[wOFM9N2F-
HepG2	NVLDVXNzTnWwY4Tpc44h[XO\|YYm=		NYDaUnE6OjRiaILz			MYK8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zODl4NkC0N{c,OjB7Nk[wOFM9N2F-
HepG2 (DPX-2)	MnzoSpVv[3Srb36gZZN{[Xl?		NEX6W3IzPCCqcoO=			MX28ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zODl4NkC0N{c,OjB7Nk[wOFM9N2F-
HEK293T	NWLnc3p7TnWwY4Tpc44h[XO\|YYm=	MVWxNEB2VQ>?				NXHrT5J1RGFidHHy[4V1RSehYnzhcosoKGi{ZX[9K4h1fHC\|Oj:vdJVjdWWmLn7jZokvdmyvLn7pbE5od3ZxMkSzPFc{OjVpPkK0N\|g4OzJ3PD;hQi=>
HEK293	M2rGO2Z2dmO2aX;uJIF{e2G7	NWHBTWhnOTBidV2=	NIDrN\|YyPiCqcoO=			M4jtUVxiKHSjcnfleF0oZ2KuYX7rK{BpemWoPTfoeJRxezpxL4D1Zo1m\C6wY3LpMo5tdS6waXiu[493NzJ4NEO1OVEzLz5{NkSzOVUyOjxxYU6=
MCF7	NVvFbnhMS3m2b4TvfIlkcXS7IHHzd4F6		NX30XJhVPDhiaILz			MVe8ZUB1[XKpZYS9K39jdGGwazegbJJm\j1paIT0dJM7Ny:ydXLt[YQvdmOkaT7ucI0vdmmqLnfvek8zQDh\|OE[5Nkc,Ojh6M{i2PVI9N2F-
HEK293	NYPEeGJTTnWwY4Tpc44h[XO\|YYm=		M3O5XVMxKG2rboO=			Ml3tQIEhfGG{Z3X0QUdg[myjbnunJIhz\WZ;J3j0eJB{Qi9xcIXicYVlNm6lYnmucoxuNm6raD7nc5YwOzByME[xO\|YoRjNyMEC2NVc3RC:jPh?=

... Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Assay

Methods	Test Index	PMID
Western blot	cleaved caspase-3 / caspase-3; PubMed: 30863177 Cancer Manag Res Toledo, NK-92, RL, and Farage cells were treated with 30 μM of forskolin for 48 hours, then the cells were harvested for Western blotting to assess the expression of total or cleaved caspase-3 cleaved caspase-9 / caspase-9 ; PubMed: 30863177 Cancer Manag Res Toledo, NK-92, RL, and Farage cells were treated with 30 μM of forskolin for 48 hours, then the cells were harvested for Western blotting to assess the expression of total or cleaved caspase-9. β-catenin; PubMed: 30863177 Cancer Manag Res (A, B) The protein expression of cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin in Toledo and NK-92 cells in the presence of 0, 10, 20, or 40 μM forskolin was detected by Western blotting. c-myc / Cyclin D1; PubMed: 30863177 Cancer Manag Res (C, D) Western blotting analysis of the total protein expression of c-myc and cyclin D1 influenced by 0, 10, 20, or 40 μM of forskolin in Toledo and NK-92 cells (n=3, *P<0.05, forskolin group vs control group). pS6K1 / S6K1 / pCREB / CREB; PubMed: 31112131 eLife Forskolin inhibits mTORC1 in multiple cell lines. PC3, LNcap/AR, H1299, H1944, MDA-MB-231, MEF, HAP1, COS7, HeLa, MIA Paca-2, and PANC-1 were treated with or without 10 μM forskolin for 1 h and mTORC1 activity, CREB phosphorylation, and loading controls were analyzed. p-JNK / JNK / P-p38 / p38; PubMed: 20070884 Mol Cancer L929 cells were pretreated with forskolin (10 μM) for various times as indicated, followed by stimulation with or without 10 ng/ml TNF-α for 15 min.	30863177 31112131 20070884
Immunofluorescence	5hmC; PubMed: 29239726 eLife Schwann cells were treated with forskolin (10 μM) for 3 hr followed by washout. 5hmC induction was detected at of 0, 3, and 24 hr time points following treatment. Cells continuously treated with forskolin (5, 10 μM) for 24 hr showed comparable 5hmC levels. Scale bar = 20 μm. Fe(II); PubMed: 29239726 eLife AMP (100 mM) treatment for 4 hr did not induce labile Fe(II) while AC activators (forskolin (100 mM), bicarbonate (50 mM)) and PDE inhibitors (caffeine (100 mM), IBMX (100 mM)) increased labile Fe(II) detected by Trx-Puro probes. CYP17A1 / CYP21A2; PubMed: 25334044 PLoS One H295R cells were treated with 8-Br-cAMP or forskolin for 48 h under growth conditions, and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde. (A) Immunostaining for CYP17A1. Red staining shows the anti-CYP17A1 antibody and blue staining shows DAPI (cell nuclei). (B) Immunostaining for CYP21A2. Red staining shows the anti-CYP21A2 antibody and blue staining shows DAPI (cell nuclei). Scale bars represent 100 µm.	29239726 25334044
Growth inhibition assay	Cell viability; PubMed: 30863177 Cancer Manag Res (C) MTT assay was conducted to test the cell growth after Toledo cells were administered 0, 20, 40, 80, or 160 μM of forskolin for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 days. (D) Toledo cells were administered 0, 20, 40, 80, or 160 μM of forskolin for 48 hours, then MTT assay was used to evaluate the IC50 of forskolin. (F) MTT assay was conducted to test the cell growth after NK-92 cells were administered 0, 20, 40, 80, or 160 μM of forskolin for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 days. (G) NK-92 cells were administered 0, 20, 40, 80, or 160 μM of forskolin for 48 hours, then MTT assay was used to evaluate the IC50of forskolin.	30863177

参考文献

溶解度 (25°C)

体外	DMSO	82 mg/mL (199.75 mM)
	Water	Insoluble
	Ethanol	''37 mg/mL

* 溶解度检测是由Selleck技术部门检测的，可能会和文献中提供的溶解度有所差异，这是由于生产工艺和批次不同产生的正常现象。请按照顺序依次加入各个纯溶剂。

化学数据 Download Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362) SDF

分子量	410.5
化学式	C₂₂H₃₄O₇
CAS号	66575-29-9
储存条件	3年-20°C 粉状 2年-80°C 溶于溶剂
别名	Coleonol, Colforsin

动物体内配方计算器 (澄清溶液)

第一步：请输入基本实验信息（考虑到实验过程中的损耗，建议多配一只动物的药量）

给药剂量

mg/kg

动物平均体重

每只动物给药体积

动物数量

只

第二步：请输入动物体内配方组成（配方适用于不溶于水的药物；不同批次药物配方比例不同，请联系Selleck为您提供正确的澄清溶液配方）

% DMSO+ % + % Tween 80+ % ddH₂O

计算重置

计算结果:

工作液浓度： mg/ml；

DMSO母液配制方法： mg 药物溶于 μL DMSO溶液（母液浓度 mg/mL，注：如该浓度超过该批次药物DMSO溶解度，请先联系Selleck）；

体内配方配制方法：取 μL DMSO母液，加入 μL PEG300，混匀澄清后加入μL Tween 80，混匀澄清后加入 μL ddH₂O，混匀澄清。

注意：1. 首先保证母液是澄清的；
2. 一定要按照顺序依次将溶剂加入，进行下一步操作之前必须保证上一步操作得到的是澄清的溶液，可采用涡旋、超声或水浴加热等物理方法助溶。

计算器

摩尔浓度计算器

本计算器可帮助您计算出特定溶液中溶质的质量、溶液浓度和体积之间的关系，公式为:

质量 (mg) = 浓度 (mM) x 体积 (mL) x 分子量 (g/mol)

摩尔浓度计算公式

质量

浓度

体积

分子量
=

×

×

*在配置溶液时，请务必参考Selleck产品标签上、MSDS / COA（可在Selleck的产品页面获得）批次特异的分子量使用本工具。

稀释计算器

用本工具协助配置特定浓度的溶液，使用的计算公式为：

开始浓度 x 开始体积 = 最终浓度 x 最终体积

稀释公式

稀释公式一般简略地表示为: C1V1 = C2V2 ( 输入输出 )

C1

V1

C2

V2
×

=

×

在配置溶液时，请务必参考Selleck产品标签上、MSDS / COA（可在Selleck的产品页面获得）批次特异的分子量使用本工具。.

连续稀释计算器方程

连续稀释
初始浓度:
稀释倍数:

计算结果

C1=C0/X	C1:	LOG(C1):
C2=C1/X	C2:	LOG(C2):
C3=C2/X	C3:	LOG(C3):
C4=C3/X	C4:	LOG(C4):
C5=C4/X	C5:	LOG(C5):
C6=C5/X	C6:	LOG(C6):
C7=C6/X	C7:	LOG(C7):
C8=C7/X	C8:	LOG(C8):

分子量计算器

通过输入化合物的化学式来计算其分子量：

注：化学分子式大小写敏感。C10H16N2O2 c10h16n2o2

摩尔浓度计算器

质量	浓度	体积	分子量
=	×	×
计算

临床试验信息 (data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2021-05-17)

NCT Number	Recruitment	interventions	Conditions	Sponsor/Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT04254705	Not yet recruiting	Procedure: Rectal Biopsy	Cystic Fibrosis	Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven\|Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated\|KU Leuven\|University of Lisbon	March 1 2020	Not Applicable
NCT02807415	Completed	Drug: Lumacaftor plus Ivacaftor	Cystic Fibrosis	Hannover Medical School\|Heidelberg University\|University of Giessen	June 1 2016	--
NCT02586883	Completed	Other: bronchial ddp test	Idiopathic Dilation of the Bronchi	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris	March 29 2016	Not Applicable
NCT03652090	Completed	Procedure: cell sampling	Cystic Fibrosis	Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale France\|ABCF2	September 1 2010	--

技术支持

在订购、运输、储存和使用我们的产品的任何阶段，您遇到的任何问题，均可以通过拨打我们的热线电话400-668-6834，或者技术支持邮箱tech@selleck.cn，直接联系到我们。我们会在24小时内尽快联系您。

操作手册

如果有其他问题，请给我们留言。

研究领域

产品类型

定制您的化合物库

Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362)

客户使用Selleck生产的Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362)发表文献84篇：

产品安全说明书

cAMP抑制剂选择性比较

生物活性

推荐的实验操作(此推荐来自于公开的文献所以Selleck并不保证其有效性)

参考文献

溶解度 (25°C)

化学数据 Download Colforsin (Forskolin, HL 362) SDF

动物体内配方计算器 (澄清溶液)

计算器

摩尔浓度计算器

质量 (mg) = 浓度 (mM) x 体积 (mL) x 分子量 (g/mol)

摩尔浓度计算公式

稀释计算器

开始浓度 x 开始体积 = 最终浓度 x 最终体积

稀释公式

连续稀释计算器方程

连续稀释

计算结果

分子量计算器

总分子量：g/mol

摩尔浓度计算器

临床试验信息 (data from https://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2021-05-17)

技术支持

cAMP Signaling Pathway Map