COVID-19
抑制剂选择性比较
COVID-19产品
| 目录号 | 产品描述 | 文献引用 | 实验数据 |
|---|---|---|---|
| S2853 |
Carfilzomib (PR-171)Carfilzomib (PR-171) 是一种不可逆proteasome抑制剂，在ANBL-6细胞中IC50为<5 nM，在体外优先抑制β5亚基的ChT-L活性，对PGPH和T-L活性很弱或没有作用。Carfilzomib 可激活自噬并诱导细胞凋亡。 |
Validation of activity and specificity of chemical inhibitors of; ATM, ATR, and DNAPK. H460 cells were treated with 1 uM camptothecin (CPT) or 20 ug/ml bleomycin for 1 h in the presence of the indicated inhibitors: DNAPK-i1—NU7026, DNAPK-i2—NU7441. MSH6,
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| S1185 |
RitonavirRitonavir是Cytochrome P450 3A和HIV蛋白酶抑制剂，用于治疗HIV感染和AIDS。抑制Cytochrome P450 2D6, P-Glycoprotein，诱导Cytochrome P450 2C19, Cytochrome P450 1A2, Cytochrome P450 2C9, Cytochrome P450 2B6和UDP Glucuronosyltransferases。 |
(A) KMS11 and
(B) L363 cells were plated in 5mM glucose medium with ritonavir or DMSO (D) for 17 hours. Glucose consumption rates are normalized to untreated cells (not shown).
(C) KMS11 and (D) L363 cells were treated with ritonavir or DMSO for 72 hours. Relative viable cell numbers were determined by MTS assay and normalized to
untreated cells (not shown).
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| S1538 |
Telaprevir (VX-950)Telaprevir (VX-950)是一种丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)NS3-4A丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，IC50为0.354 μM。 |
HCV replicon genotype 1b cells were passaged in the presence of G418 alone (medium 694 control) or G418 with miravirsen, SPC4729 (oligonucleotide negative control) or telaprevir for 28 days in fixed concentrations at a multiple (X) of the EC50 of miravirsen or telaprevir. Colony formation was assessed by staining surviving cells with crystal violet.
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| S1380 |
LopinavirLopinavir是一种有效的HIV protease抑制剂，无细胞试验中Ki为1.3 pM。 |
Low-micromolar amounts of chloroquine, chlorpromazine, loperamide, and lopinavir inhibit MERS-CoV-induced cytopathology. Huh7 cells in 96-well plates were infected with MERS-CoV isolate EMC/2012 (MOI, 0.005) in the presence of 0 to 20 uM LPV. Cells were incubated for 2 days, and cell viability was monitored using an MTS assay. In addition, the potential toxicity of compound treatment only was monitored in parallel mock-infected Huh7 cell cultures. Graphs show the results (averages and standard deviations [SD]) of a representative experiment that was performed in quadruplicate. All experiments were repeated at least twice. For each compound, the calculated EC50, CC50, and SI values are given.
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| S1322 |
DexamethasoneDexamethasone 是一种有效的半合成的糖皮质激素类甾体药物，也是一种interleukin receptor调节剂，具有抗炎和免疫抑制作用。Dexamethasone 可诱导自噬和线粒体自噬。Dexamethasone 被用于COVID-19临床病人测试中，并发现对危重症患者有一定效果。 |
Dexamethasone and largazole cooperate to suppress invasion and to restore E-cadherin localization to the cell peripher y. ( a) Phase contrast micrographs showing morphological changes in MDA-MB-231 cells induced by E-cadherin expression combined with 100 nM dexamethasone and 10 nM largazole treatments. Insets show the cells at higher magnification. (b ) Fluorescence (E-Cad-GFP) or immunofluorescence microscopy (g -catenin (g-Cat.)) of 231/E-Cad-GFP cells treated for 72 h with vehicle (Control), 100 n M dexamethasone, 10 nM largazole or 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole (Dex. + Larg.). (c ) Invasion assays were per formed with the indicated cell lines treated for 72 h with or without 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole using modified Boyden chambers impregnated with matrigel. The results are presented as the average number of cells that invaded through the membrane per field s.d. of five randomly chosen fields, and are representative of three independently per formed experiments. |
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| S8969New |
EIDD-2801EIDD-2801 是一种口服生物活性的核糖核苷类似物β-d-N4-hydroxycytidine (NHC; EIDD-1931)的前药，具有广谱的抗病毒活性 antiviral activity 对抗 SARS-CoV-2、MERS-CoV、SARS-CoV 和 COVID-19的病原体。 |
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| S8932New |
Remdesivir (GS-5734)Remdesivir是腺苷类似物的单磷酰胺酸盐前药，是一种研究性的广谱抗病毒剂，对多种RNA病毒（包括埃博拉病毒和CoV病毒）具有体外活性。 |
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| S6676New |
EbselenEbselen是HIV-1复制的小分子衣壳抑制剂，在TR-FRET分析中的IC50为46.1 nM。 |
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| S2169 |
Rosuvastatin CalciumRosuvastatin Calcium是一种竞争性HMG-CoA reductase抑制剂，无细胞试验中IC50为11 nM。 |
MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with simvastatin (SIM) or rosuvastatin (ROSU) in combination with ZOL for 48 h. Vitality and apoptosis were measured by using the cell titer blue and the caspase 3/7 Glo assay. Data are shown as mean ± SD of at least three individual experiments (*p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001). |
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| S1183 |
Danoprevir (ITMN-191)Danoprevir (ITMN-191)是一种肽类抑制剂，作用于丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的NS3/4A蛋白酶，IC50为0.2-3.5 nM，抑制HCV 1A/1B/4/5/6基因型比抑制2B/3A基因型效果高10倍左右。Phase 2。 |
Western blot analysis of HCV NS3 protease cleavage of MAVS. The catalytic efficiency of four proteases (H, H-A156T, 41 and 41-A156T) from individuals H and 41 were tested in the absence or presence of an NS3 protease inhibitor (danoprevir). Expression of the HCV NS3 proteases resulted in cleavage of the lambda cI repressor with MAVS cleavage site. Expression of the protease was induced with IPTG for 3 h. The lambda cI repressor with MAVS cleavage site was not cleaved by an NS3 protease that included a substitution in catalytic residue S139A. Similarly, different catalytic efficiencies were observed with different proteases.
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| S2851 |
Baricitinib (INCB028050)Baricitinib (LY3009104, INCB028050)是一种选择性JAK1和JAK2抑制剂，无细胞试验中IC50分别为5.9 nM和5.7 nM，比作用于JAK3和Tyk2选择性高70和10倍左右，对c-Met和Chk2没有抑制作用。Baricitinib被发现可以减少或干扰病毒进入目标细胞，并用于COVID-19的治疗研究中。Phase 3 |
bDNA analysis showing that the JAK1/2 inhibitors CYT387, AZD1480 and Baricitinib positively regulate UCP1 expression in PSC-WA. Values are mean ± s.d. of n = three biological replicates and differences from DMSO are significant for * P < 0.005. P values were calculated using the two-tailed paired Student's t-test. |
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| S2485 |
Mitoxantrone 2HClMitoxantrone 2HCl 是Mitoxantrone的盐酸盐形式。Mitoxantrone 是一种 type II topoisomerase 和 protein kinase C (PKC)的抑制剂，对于PKC的IC50值为 8.5 μM。Mitoxantrone 可抑制MCF-7/wt cells的细胞增殖，对应的IC50值为0.42 μM。Mitoxantrone 还可诱导细胞凋亡。 |
Immunohistochemistry and quantification of cleaved caspase 3 expression in DU145-DR tumor xenografts from (D). Scale bar, 100 mm. Data represent the mean ± SD. *p < 0.05.
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| S1759 |
Pitavastatin CalciumPitavastatin Calcium，一种新型的Statins类药物，是pitavastatin的钙盐形式。Pitavastatin是高效的HMG-CoA reductase抑制剂。 |
Western blotting showed that in U87 cells treated with pitavastatin, the LC3-II isoform dramatically increased after statin treatment and showed at day 2, 3 and 4.
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| S1401 |
TenofovirTenofovir 对reverse transcriptase（逆转录酶）和B型肝炎病毒感染具有抑制作用。 |
The Nucleotide analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate was added to TZM-bl cells. Cells were inoculated with 0.05 ng mock-exposed and semen-exposed HIV, and 0.5 ng HIV as infectivity-matched control. Infection rates were measured 3 days post infection by measuring β-galactosidase or or 4 days post infection by measuring luciferase activities. The left panels show the mean enzyme activities ± standard deviation derived from triplicate infections. RLU/s: relative light units per second. Middle panels show normalized infection rates in which reporter enzyme activities obtained from infected cells in the absence of inhibitor were set at 100%. The right panels depict the calculated IC50 values. The number above the bar represents the fold-change in the IC50 derived from 0.05 ng semen-exposed relative to 0.05 or 0.5 ng mock-exposed virus infection. Ns, no statistically significant difference; **** p<0.0001; *** p<0.001 (unpaired t-test). |
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| S2823 |
TideglusibTideglusib是一种不可逆的，非ATP竞争性的GSK-3β抑制剂，无细胞试验中IC50为60 nM，不能抑制位于活性位点的同源于 Cys-199的 Cys激酶。Phase 2。 |
(A) NPCs were treated with 3µM of the GSK3 inhibitor (tideglusib) for 24 hours. Representative images of untreated SPG11-NPCs (SPG11‐NT) and tideglusib-treated SPG11-NPCs (SPG11-Tide) on day 3. Cell proliferation was analyzed using colabeling of PCNA in Nestin/Sox2-positive NPCs. Nuclei were visualized with DAPI. Scale bar = 50µm. (B) Increased numbers of Nestin/Sox2‐positive cells colabeled with PCNA in CHIR99021-treated SPG11-NPCs. (C) Tideglusib-treated SPG11-NPCs, compared to untreated NPCs, revealed restoration of cell proliferation similar to the CTRL‐NPCs. |
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| S3035 |
Daunorubicin HClDaunorubicin HCl抑制DNA和RNA合成，无细胞试验中抑制DNA合成的Ki为0.02 μM。Daunorubicin 是 topoisomerase II 的抑制剂并可诱导凋亡。 |
A) MV411 or B) Kasumi 1 cells were incubated with YM155 (0.25 x IC50) in the presence or absence of i) 0.5 x IC50 or ii) 1 x IC50 of Daunorubicin or iii) 0.5 x IC50 or iv) 1 x IC50 of Cytarabine for 72h. Following 72h treatment, cells were subject to a resazurin reduction assay. Percentages were normalised to DMSO controls. Column, mean of 3 independent experiments; Bars, SEM. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005. Students t-test. Similar trends were observed with 0.5 x and 1 x IC50 of YM155 in combination with Daunorubicin or Cytarabine (data not shown). |
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| S1386 |
Nafamostat MesylateNafamostat Mesylate 是合成的丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，在血液透析中被用作是一种抗凝血剂。Nafamostat Mesylate可抑制SARS-CoV-2的激活，并用于COVID-19的治疗选择的研究中。Nafamostat Mesylate 可减弱炎症和凋亡。 |
Immunofluorescence of NF-κB/p65 in HCT 116 and SW 1116 cells exposed to TNFα (25 ng/ml) with or without nafamostat mesilate(FLU) (100 μM). Scale bars: 20 μm. |
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| S1680 |
DisulfiramDisulfiram是一个特异性的乙醛脱氢酶 （ALDH1）抑制剂，用于治疗慢性酒精中毒，对酒精产生急性敏感性。 |
The effect of drugs on sperm movement. Purified human sperm were incubated under capacitating conditions for 0, 15, 30, 60 or 120 min, and motility was measured in the presence of disulfirum. The standard deviation is shown as bars. Statistical differences by Student's t-test compared with control are annotated as “*” for p<0.05 or “**” for p<0.01. |
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| S1706 |
LamivudineLamivudine是一种有效的核苷类似物逆转录酶抑制剂，用于治疗慢性乙肝和艾滋病。它主要是通过阻滞HIV逆转录酶和乙肝病毒聚合酶发挥其作用。 |
The indicated liver cancer cell lines—Hep-3B, Huh-7 and PLC were treated with or without 5 types anti-hepatitis B virus drugs (C) with the concentration of 100 μM, and M1 virus (MOI = 10) for 72 hours. Following 72 hours, cell viabilities were determined by MTT assay (mean ± SD). N.S. Not significant.
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| S1620 |
Darunavir EthanolateDarunavir Ethanolate是一种人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)蛋白酶抑制剂。 |
HIV PIs variably alter intracellular HIV epitope stability. (A) HLA-A02–restricted SL9 epitope (SLYNTVATL, aa 77–85 in HIV-1 Gag p17) was degraded in PBMC extracts pretreated with DMSO (control, circles), 5 µM of Nelfinavir (triangles) or 5 µM of Saquinavir (squares). Remaining peptide was quantified by RP-HPLC analysis after 0, 10, 30 and 60 minutes. 100% represents the amount of peptide at time 0 calculated as the surface under the peptide peak detected by RP-HPLC (815.986, 821.569, and 813.118 for DMSO, Saquinavir, and Nelfinavir, respectively). Times at which 50% of the SL9 peptide remained correspond to peptide half-lives (37 min, 52 min and 24 min for Control, Saquinavir and Nelfinavir respectively). (B–F) HLA-A02–SL9, HLA-B57-KF11, HLAB57-ISW9, HLA-B57-TW10 and HLA-A11-ATK9 epitopes (from B to F respectively) were degraded in PBMC extracts pretreated with DMSO, 2 µM or 5 µM PI (Saquinavir, Ritonavir, Nelfinavir, Atazanavir or Darunavir). The cytosolic half-lives in control condition were 33.87, 25.66, 14.83, 119.4 and 37.21 minutes for SL9, KF11, ISW9, TW10 and ATK9 respectively. Fold differences of each epitope half-life upon treatment compared to control are presented in each panel. All data represent the average of 4 different experiments using 4 different PBMC extracts. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, 1-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-test. |
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| S4157 |
Chloroquine diphosphateChloroquine diphosphate是一种4-氨基喹啉的抗疟疾和抗风湿药，也是一种ATM激活剂。Chloroquine 也是一种toll-like receptors (TLRs)的抑制剂。 |
NCI-H929 EV and miR-137 OE cells were treated with ATM activator Chloroquine Phosphate (CQ), specific ATM inhibitor KU-55933, and ATR inhibitor AZ20 for 12 hr. Immunoblotting showed the expression of p-ATM, p-Chk2, p-BRCA1, p-ATR and p-Chk1. |
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| S1351 |
IvermectinIvermectin是一种chloride channel激活剂，用作广谱抗寄生虫药。 |
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| S1289 |
CarmofurCarmofur是嘧啶类似物，是一种作抗肿瘤药。 |
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| S4028 |
Dexamethasone Sodium PhosphateDexamethasone Sodium Phosphate是一种白介素受体抑制剂，抑制COX-2。 |
Dexamethasone and largazole cooperate to suppress invasion and to restore E-cadherin localization to the cell peripher y. ( a) Phase contrast micrographs showing morphological changes in MDA-MB-231 cells induced by E-cadherin expression combined with 100 nM dexamethasone and 10 nM largazole treatments. Insets show the cells at higher magnification. (b ) Fluorescence (E-Cad-GFP) or immunofluorescence microscopy (g -catenin (g-Cat.)) of 231/E-Cad-GFP cells treated for 72 h with vehicle (Control), 100 n M dexamethasone, 10 nM largazole or 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole (Dex. + Larg.). (c ) Invasion assays were per formed with the indicated cell lines treated for 72 h with or without 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole using modified Boyden chambers impregnated with matrigel. The results are presented as the average number of cells that invaded through the membrane per field s.d. of five randomly chosen fields, and are representative of three independently per formed experiments. |
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| S1835 |
AzithromycinAzithromycin是一种抑制蛋白合成的抗生素，用于细菌感染的治疗。 |
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| S3037 |
Bepotastine BesilateBepotastine Besilate是一种非镇静作用的，选择性的组胺1 (H1)受体拮抗剂，pIC50为5.7。 |
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| S2874 |
Camostat MesilateCamostat Mesilate是胰蛋白酶样的蛋白酶抑制剂，抑制上皮细胞钠离子通道(ENaC)功能，IC50为50 nM, 对Trypsin, Prostasin 和 Matriptase作用效果稍弱。 |
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| S3124 |
Dexamethasone AcetateDexamethasone 是一种有效的糖皮质激素类合成物，属于类固醇药物。Dexamethasone用于很多炎症和自身免疫病的治疗，例如风湿性关节炎和支气管痉挛。接受化疗的癌症病人服用dexamethasone去抵消部分化疗带来的副作用。Dexamethasone 也用在诊断方面，利用它能抑制垂体一肾上腺轴特性。 |
Dexamethasone and largazole cooperate to suppress invasion and to restore E-cadherin localization to the cell peripher y. ( a) Phase contrast micrographs showing morphological changes in MDA-MB-231 cells induced by E-cadherin expression combined with 100 nM dexamethasone and 10 nM largazole treatments. Insets show the cells at higher magnification. (b ) Fluorescence (E-Cad-GFP) or immunofluorescence microscopy (g -catenin (g-Cat.)) of 231/E-Cad-GFP cells treated for 72 h with vehicle (Control), 100 n M dexamethasone, 10 nM largazole or 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole (Dex. + Larg.). (c ) Invasion assays were per formed with the indicated cell lines treated for 72 h with or without 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole using modified Boyden chambers impregnated with matrigel. The results are presented as the average number of cells that invaded through the membrane per field s.d. of five randomly chosen fields, and are representative of three independently per formed experiments. |
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| S3079 |
AtovaquoneAtovaquone 用于治疗或预防肺孢子菌肺炎，弓形虫病, 疟疾和巴贝西虫。 |
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| S2079 |
Moexipril HClMoexipril HCl是一种口服有效的非巯基血管紧张素转化酶（ACE）抑制剂，IC50为0.041 µM，用于治疗高血压和充血性心脏衰竭。 |
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| S1691 |
PraziquantelPraziquantel是一种驱虫药，有效作用于扁形虫。 |
Schistosomicidal effects of PZQ, ART and OXA on 14-day-schistosomula. Magnification of the in vitro-cultured schistosomula treated with PZQ, ART, and OXA at 10 μM. Drugs were added at day 14 and schistosomula were analyzed at day 21 (late treatment). 0.1% DMSO in medium (solvent of the drugs; used as negative control) had no effect on schistosomula development. |
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| S2926 |
TDZD-8TDZD-8是一种非ATP竞争性GSK-3β抑制剂，IC50为2 μM；对CDK1， casein kinase II， PKA和PKC具有最低限度的抑制效果。 |
The impact of GSK3β inhibitor TDZD-8 (10 μM) on the GSK3β phosphorylation (A), the protein expression (B) and mRNA level (C) of α-SMA and collagen I in acetaldehyde-induced HSCs activation. The data were representative of at least three independent experiments. All values were expressed as mean ± SD. *P < 0.01, ***P < 0.01 vs. the control group, #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.01 vs. the acetaldehyde group.
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| S7393 |
Aloxistatin(E64d)Aloxistatin 是一种不可逆的膜透过性cysteine protease抑制剂，具有抑制血小板聚集的活性。SARS-CoV-2病毒入侵需要半胱氨酸蛋白酶cathepsin L，而aloxistatin处理可以有效减少92.3%的SARS-CoV-2病毒颗粒的细胞入侵。 |
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| S8279 |
ShikoninShikonin，是一种Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2)有效的、特异的抑制剂。它是紫草的主要成分，紫草是一种中草药，具有多种生物活性。在细胞荧光淬灭试验中，Shikonin也是TMEM16A氯离子通道的抑制剂。 |
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| S7975 |
Favipiravir (T-705)Favipiravir (T-705)是一种有效的选择性RNA-dependent RNA polymerase抑制剂，用于治疗流感病毒感染。 |
(A) BoDV-1 infection was measured by IFA. BoDV-1 P40 was detected with a primary monoclonal antibody (red), nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue), merged image (scale bars: 50 μm). Favipiravir: T-705
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| S5250 |
DarunavirDarunavir is a nonpeptidic HIV protease inhibitor, used to treat HIV infection. |
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| S5940 |
BepotastineBepotastine是一种非镇静的、选择性histamine 1 (H1) receptor拮抗剂。 |
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| S5754 |
Baricitinib phosphateBaricitinib phosphate is a selective JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor with IC50 of 5.9 nM and 5.7 nM, ~70 and ~10-fold selective versus JAK3 and Tyk2, no inhibition to c-Met and Chk2. Baricitinib is found to reduce or interrupt the passage of the virus into target cells and is used in the treatment research for COVID-19. |
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| S7392 |
Loxistatin Acid (E-64C)Loxistatin Acid (E-64C),E-64的衍生物,是一种不可逆的膜渗透性cysteine protease抑制剂。SARS-CoV-2病毒入侵需要半胱氨酸蛋白酶cathepsin L。 |
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| S7262 |
VidofludimusVidofludimus是一种口服具有活性的，有效的dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH)抑制剂，对人DHODH的IC50为134 nM。Vidofludimus calcium (IMU-838)正作为COVID-19的潜在治疗选择研究中。Phase 2。 |
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| S7947 |
PX-12PX-12是一种有效的 thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) 抑制剂，作用于 Trx-1 上 Cys73 的不可逆硫代烷基化。Phase 2。 |
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| S5911 |
BictegravirBictegravir是一种新型的、有效的HIV-1 integrase抑制剂。 |
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| S4646 |
CiclesonideCiclesonide是一种糖皮质激素，用于治疗阻塞性气道疾病。 |
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| S4430 |
Hydroxychloroquine SulfateHydroxychloroquine Sulfate是一种抗疟疾药，用于治疗系统性红斑狼疮，类风湿关节炎等自身免疫病，炎症以及皮肤病。它也是autophagy和toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/9的抑制剂。 |
C, SA-beta gal staining results of A549-LKB1 cells treated by trametinib (30 nmol/L), radiotherapy (2 Gy), and HCQ (50 μmol/L). Cells were treated by HCQ and/or trametinib 4 hours prior to radiotherapy. Drugs were washed out 24 hours after radiotherapy. Cells were incubated for additional 48 hours before staining. D, Clonogenic survival assay of A549-LKB1 cells treated with trametinib (30 nmol/L) and HCQ (50 μmol/L).
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| S7579 |
Ledipasvir (GS5885)Ledipasvir（GS5885）是一种HCV NS5A polymerase抑制剂，用于治疗丙型肝炎病毒感染。 |
(C) Impact of HCV clearance by DAA treatment on the Nrf2 nuclear translocation. HCV infected Huh-7.5 cells day 12 were given two rounds of antiviral treatment with IFN-α, sofosbuvir, ledipasvir or combination of sofosbuvir plus ledipasvir. After 72 hours, cells were split, and then treated again with the same antiviral agent. After two rounds of antiviral treatment, the expressions of HCV core and pNrf2 were measured by immunostaining.
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| S9567 |
Indinavir SulfateIndinavir sulfate是一种有效的、特异的HIV-1 protease抑制剂，广泛用于艾滋病的治疗。 |
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| S3724 |
VelpatasvirVelpatasvir是二代NS5A抑制剂，抑制丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的复制。 |
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| S3733 |
BoceprevirBoceprevir是一种口服的、直接作用于hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease的抑制剂，对NS3蛋白酶的Ki值为14 nM。在治疗慢性肝炎C(genotype 1)中，常与其他抗病毒共同给药。 |
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| S5072 |
RosuvastatinRosuvastatin is an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis, with Ki value (inhibition constant) of approximately 0.1 nM. |
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| S2071 |
Prulifloxacin (NM441)Prulifloxacin是ulifloxacin的前体药物，是一种广谱喹诺酮类抗菌药。 |
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| S4282 |
Nelfinavir MesylateNelfinavir Mesylate 是强效的HIV protease抑制剂，Ki为2 nM。 |
| 目录号 | 产品描述 | 文献引用 | 实验数据 |
|---|---|---|---|
| S2853 |
Carfilzomib (PR-171)Carfilzomib (PR-171) 是一种不可逆proteasome抑制剂，在ANBL-6细胞中IC50为<5 nM，在体外优先抑制β5亚基的ChT-L活性，对PGPH和T-L活性很弱或没有作用。Carfilzomib 可激活自噬并诱导细胞凋亡。 |
Validation of activity and specificity of chemical inhibitors of; ATM, ATR, and DNAPK. H460 cells were treated with 1 uM camptothecin (CPT) or 20 ug/ml bleomycin for 1 h in the presence of the indicated inhibitors: DNAPK-i1—NU7026, DNAPK-i2—NU7441. MSH6,
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| S1185 |
RitonavirRitonavir是Cytochrome P450 3A和HIV蛋白酶抑制剂，用于治疗HIV感染和AIDS。抑制Cytochrome P450 2D6, P-Glycoprotein，诱导Cytochrome P450 2C19, Cytochrome P450 1A2, Cytochrome P450 2C9, Cytochrome P450 2B6和UDP Glucuronosyltransferases。 |
(A) KMS11 and
(B) L363 cells were plated in 5mM glucose medium with ritonavir or DMSO (D) for 17 hours. Glucose consumption rates are normalized to untreated cells (not shown).
(C) KMS11 and (D) L363 cells were treated with ritonavir or DMSO for 72 hours. Relative viable cell numbers were determined by MTS assay and normalized to
untreated cells (not shown).
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| S1538 |
Telaprevir (VX-950)Telaprevir (VX-950)是一种丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)NS3-4A丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，IC50为0.354 μM。 |
HCV replicon genotype 1b cells were passaged in the presence of G418 alone (medium 694 control) or G418 with miravirsen, SPC4729 (oligonucleotide negative control) or telaprevir for 28 days in fixed concentrations at a multiple (X) of the EC50 of miravirsen or telaprevir. Colony formation was assessed by staining surviving cells with crystal violet.
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| S1380 |
LopinavirLopinavir是一种有效的HIV protease抑制剂，无细胞试验中Ki为1.3 pM。 |
Low-micromolar amounts of chloroquine, chlorpromazine, loperamide, and lopinavir inhibit MERS-CoV-induced cytopathology. Huh7 cells in 96-well plates were infected with MERS-CoV isolate EMC/2012 (MOI, 0.005) in the presence of 0 to 20 uM LPV. Cells were incubated for 2 days, and cell viability was monitored using an MTS assay. In addition, the potential toxicity of compound treatment only was monitored in parallel mock-infected Huh7 cell cultures. Graphs show the results (averages and standard deviations [SD]) of a representative experiment that was performed in quadruplicate. All experiments were repeated at least twice. For each compound, the calculated EC50, CC50, and SI values are given.
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| S1322 |
DexamethasoneDexamethasone 是一种有效的半合成的糖皮质激素类甾体药物，也是一种interleukin receptor调节剂，具有抗炎和免疫抑制作用。Dexamethasone 可诱导自噬和线粒体自噬。Dexamethasone 被用于COVID-19临床病人测试中，并发现对危重症患者有一定效果。 |
Dexamethasone and largazole cooperate to suppress invasion and to restore E-cadherin localization to the cell peripher y. ( a) Phase contrast micrographs showing morphological changes in MDA-MB-231 cells induced by E-cadherin expression combined with 100 nM dexamethasone and 10 nM largazole treatments. Insets show the cells at higher magnification. (b ) Fluorescence (E-Cad-GFP) or immunofluorescence microscopy (g -catenin (g-Cat.)) of 231/E-Cad-GFP cells treated for 72 h with vehicle (Control), 100 n M dexamethasone, 10 nM largazole or 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole (Dex. + Larg.). (c ) Invasion assays were per formed with the indicated cell lines treated for 72 h with or without 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole using modified Boyden chambers impregnated with matrigel. The results are presented as the average number of cells that invaded through the membrane per field s.d. of five randomly chosen fields, and are representative of three independently per formed experiments. |
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| S8969New |
EIDD-2801EIDD-2801 是一种口服生物活性的核糖核苷类似物β-d-N4-hydroxycytidine (NHC; EIDD-1931)的前药，具有广谱的抗病毒活性 antiviral activity 对抗 SARS-CoV-2、MERS-CoV、SARS-CoV 和 COVID-19的病原体。 |
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| S8932New |
Remdesivir (GS-5734)Remdesivir是腺苷类似物的单磷酰胺酸盐前药，是一种研究性的广谱抗病毒剂，对多种RNA病毒（包括埃博拉病毒和CoV病毒）具有体外活性。 |
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| S6676New |
EbselenEbselen是HIV-1复制的小分子衣壳抑制剂，在TR-FRET分析中的IC50为46.1 nM。 |
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| S2169 |
Rosuvastatin CalciumRosuvastatin Calcium是一种竞争性HMG-CoA reductase抑制剂，无细胞试验中IC50为11 nM。 |
MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with simvastatin (SIM) or rosuvastatin (ROSU) in combination with ZOL for 48 h. Vitality and apoptosis were measured by using the cell titer blue and the caspase 3/7 Glo assay. Data are shown as mean ± SD of at least three individual experiments (*p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001). |
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| S1183 |
Danoprevir (ITMN-191)Danoprevir (ITMN-191)是一种肽类抑制剂，作用于丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的NS3/4A蛋白酶，IC50为0.2-3.5 nM，抑制HCV 1A/1B/4/5/6基因型比抑制2B/3A基因型效果高10倍左右。Phase 2。 |
Western blot analysis of HCV NS3 protease cleavage of MAVS. The catalytic efficiency of four proteases (H, H-A156T, 41 and 41-A156T) from individuals H and 41 were tested in the absence or presence of an NS3 protease inhibitor (danoprevir). Expression of the HCV NS3 proteases resulted in cleavage of the lambda cI repressor with MAVS cleavage site. Expression of the protease was induced with IPTG for 3 h. The lambda cI repressor with MAVS cleavage site was not cleaved by an NS3 protease that included a substitution in catalytic residue S139A. Similarly, different catalytic efficiencies were observed with different proteases.
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| S2851 |
Baricitinib (INCB028050)Baricitinib (LY3009104, INCB028050)是一种选择性JAK1和JAK2抑制剂，无细胞试验中IC50分别为5.9 nM和5.7 nM，比作用于JAK3和Tyk2选择性高70和10倍左右，对c-Met和Chk2没有抑制作用。Baricitinib被发现可以减少或干扰病毒进入目标细胞，并用于COVID-19的治疗研究中。Phase 3 |
bDNA analysis showing that the JAK1/2 inhibitors CYT387, AZD1480 and Baricitinib positively regulate UCP1 expression in PSC-WA. Values are mean ± s.d. of n = three biological replicates and differences from DMSO are significant for * P < 0.005. P values were calculated using the two-tailed paired Student's t-test. |
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| S2485 |
Mitoxantrone 2HClMitoxantrone 2HCl 是Mitoxantrone的盐酸盐形式。Mitoxantrone 是一种 type II topoisomerase 和 protein kinase C (PKC)的抑制剂，对于PKC的IC50值为 8.5 μM。Mitoxantrone 可抑制MCF-7/wt cells的细胞增殖，对应的IC50值为0.42 μM。Mitoxantrone 还可诱导细胞凋亡。 |
Immunohistochemistry and quantification of cleaved caspase 3 expression in DU145-DR tumor xenografts from (D). Scale bar, 100 mm. Data represent the mean ± SD. *p < 0.05.
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| S1759 |
Pitavastatin CalciumPitavastatin Calcium，一种新型的Statins类药物，是pitavastatin的钙盐形式。Pitavastatin是高效的HMG-CoA reductase抑制剂。 |
Western blotting showed that in U87 cells treated with pitavastatin, the LC3-II isoform dramatically increased after statin treatment and showed at day 2, 3 and 4.
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| S1401 |
TenofovirTenofovir 对reverse transcriptase（逆转录酶）和B型肝炎病毒感染具有抑制作用。 |
The Nucleotide analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate was added to TZM-bl cells. Cells were inoculated with 0.05 ng mock-exposed and semen-exposed HIV, and 0.5 ng HIV as infectivity-matched control. Infection rates were measured 3 days post infection by measuring β-galactosidase or or 4 days post infection by measuring luciferase activities. The left panels show the mean enzyme activities ± standard deviation derived from triplicate infections. RLU/s: relative light units per second. Middle panels show normalized infection rates in which reporter enzyme activities obtained from infected cells in the absence of inhibitor were set at 100%. The right panels depict the calculated IC50 values. The number above the bar represents the fold-change in the IC50 derived from 0.05 ng semen-exposed relative to 0.05 or 0.5 ng mock-exposed virus infection. Ns, no statistically significant difference; **** p<0.0001; *** p<0.001 (unpaired t-test). |
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| S2823 |
TideglusibTideglusib是一种不可逆的，非ATP竞争性的GSK-3β抑制剂，无细胞试验中IC50为60 nM，不能抑制位于活性位点的同源于 Cys-199的 Cys激酶。Phase 2。 |
(A) NPCs were treated with 3µM of the GSK3 inhibitor (tideglusib) for 24 hours. Representative images of untreated SPG11-NPCs (SPG11‐NT) and tideglusib-treated SPG11-NPCs (SPG11-Tide) on day 3. Cell proliferation was analyzed using colabeling of PCNA in Nestin/Sox2-positive NPCs. Nuclei were visualized with DAPI. Scale bar = 50µm. (B) Increased numbers of Nestin/Sox2‐positive cells colabeled with PCNA in CHIR99021-treated SPG11-NPCs. (C) Tideglusib-treated SPG11-NPCs, compared to untreated NPCs, revealed restoration of cell proliferation similar to the CTRL‐NPCs. |
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| S3035 |
Daunorubicin HClDaunorubicin HCl抑制DNA和RNA合成，无细胞试验中抑制DNA合成的Ki为0.02 μM。Daunorubicin 是 topoisomerase II 的抑制剂并可诱导凋亡。 |
A) MV411 or B) Kasumi 1 cells were incubated with YM155 (0.25 x IC50) in the presence or absence of i) 0.5 x IC50 or ii) 1 x IC50 of Daunorubicin or iii) 0.5 x IC50 or iv) 1 x IC50 of Cytarabine for 72h. Following 72h treatment, cells were subject to a resazurin reduction assay. Percentages were normalised to DMSO controls. Column, mean of 3 independent experiments; Bars, SEM. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.005. Students t-test. Similar trends were observed with 0.5 x and 1 x IC50 of YM155 in combination with Daunorubicin or Cytarabine (data not shown). |
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| S1386 |
Nafamostat MesylateNafamostat Mesylate 是合成的丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，在血液透析中被用作是一种抗凝血剂。Nafamostat Mesylate可抑制SARS-CoV-2的激活，并用于COVID-19的治疗选择的研究中。Nafamostat Mesylate 可减弱炎症和凋亡。 |
Immunofluorescence of NF-κB/p65 in HCT 116 and SW 1116 cells exposed to TNFα (25 ng/ml) with or without nafamostat mesilate(FLU) (100 μM). Scale bars: 20 μm. |
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| S1680 |
DisulfiramDisulfiram是一个特异性的乙醛脱氢酶 （ALDH1）抑制剂，用于治疗慢性酒精中毒，对酒精产生急性敏感性。 |
The effect of drugs on sperm movement. Purified human sperm were incubated under capacitating conditions for 0, 15, 30, 60 or 120 min, and motility was measured in the presence of disulfirum. The standard deviation is shown as bars. Statistical differences by Student's t-test compared with control are annotated as “*” for p<0.05 or “**” for p<0.01. |
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| S1706 |
LamivudineLamivudine是一种有效的核苷类似物逆转录酶抑制剂，用于治疗慢性乙肝和艾滋病。它主要是通过阻滞HIV逆转录酶和乙肝病毒聚合酶发挥其作用。 |
The indicated liver cancer cell lines—Hep-3B, Huh-7 and PLC were treated with or without 5 types anti-hepatitis B virus drugs (C) with the concentration of 100 μM, and M1 virus (MOI = 10) for 72 hours. Following 72 hours, cell viabilities were determined by MTT assay (mean ± SD). N.S. Not significant.
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| S1620 |
Darunavir EthanolateDarunavir Ethanolate是一种人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)蛋白酶抑制剂。 |
HIV PIs variably alter intracellular HIV epitope stability. (A) HLA-A02–restricted SL9 epitope (SLYNTVATL, aa 77–85 in HIV-1 Gag p17) was degraded in PBMC extracts pretreated with DMSO (control, circles), 5 µM of Nelfinavir (triangles) or 5 µM of Saquinavir (squares). Remaining peptide was quantified by RP-HPLC analysis after 0, 10, 30 and 60 minutes. 100% represents the amount of peptide at time 0 calculated as the surface under the peptide peak detected by RP-HPLC (815.986, 821.569, and 813.118 for DMSO, Saquinavir, and Nelfinavir, respectively). Times at which 50% of the SL9 peptide remained correspond to peptide half-lives (37 min, 52 min and 24 min for Control, Saquinavir and Nelfinavir respectively). (B–F) HLA-A02–SL9, HLA-B57-KF11, HLAB57-ISW9, HLA-B57-TW10 and HLA-A11-ATK9 epitopes (from B to F respectively) were degraded in PBMC extracts pretreated with DMSO, 2 µM or 5 µM PI (Saquinavir, Ritonavir, Nelfinavir, Atazanavir or Darunavir). The cytosolic half-lives in control condition were 33.87, 25.66, 14.83, 119.4 and 37.21 minutes for SL9, KF11, ISW9, TW10 and ATK9 respectively. Fold differences of each epitope half-life upon treatment compared to control are presented in each panel. All data represent the average of 4 different experiments using 4 different PBMC extracts. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, 1-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-test. |
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| S4157 |
Chloroquine diphosphateChloroquine diphosphate是一种4-氨基喹啉的抗疟疾和抗风湿药，也是一种ATM激活剂。Chloroquine 也是一种toll-like receptors (TLRs)的抑制剂。 |
NCI-H929 EV and miR-137 OE cells were treated with ATM activator Chloroquine Phosphate (CQ), specific ATM inhibitor KU-55933, and ATR inhibitor AZ20 for 12 hr. Immunoblotting showed the expression of p-ATM, p-Chk2, p-BRCA1, p-ATR and p-Chk1. |
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| S1351 |
IvermectinIvermectin是一种chloride channel激活剂，用作广谱抗寄生虫药。 |
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| S1289 |
CarmofurCarmofur是嘧啶类似物，是一种作抗肿瘤药。 |
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| S4028 |
Dexamethasone Sodium PhosphateDexamethasone Sodium Phosphate是一种白介素受体抑制剂，抑制COX-2。 |
Dexamethasone and largazole cooperate to suppress invasion and to restore E-cadherin localization to the cell peripher y. ( a) Phase contrast micrographs showing morphological changes in MDA-MB-231 cells induced by E-cadherin expression combined with 100 nM dexamethasone and 10 nM largazole treatments. Insets show the cells at higher magnification. (b ) Fluorescence (E-Cad-GFP) or immunofluorescence microscopy (g -catenin (g-Cat.)) of 231/E-Cad-GFP cells treated for 72 h with vehicle (Control), 100 n M dexamethasone, 10 nM largazole or 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole (Dex. + Larg.). (c ) Invasion assays were per formed with the indicated cell lines treated for 72 h with or without 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole using modified Boyden chambers impregnated with matrigel. The results are presented as the average number of cells that invaded through the membrane per field s.d. of five randomly chosen fields, and are representative of three independently per formed experiments. |
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| S1835 |
AzithromycinAzithromycin是一种抑制蛋白合成的抗生素，用于细菌感染的治疗。 |
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| S3037 |
Bepotastine BesilateBepotastine Besilate是一种非镇静作用的，选择性的组胺1 (H1)受体拮抗剂，pIC50为5.7。 |
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| S2874 |
Camostat MesilateCamostat Mesilate是胰蛋白酶样的蛋白酶抑制剂，抑制上皮细胞钠离子通道(ENaC)功能，IC50为50 nM, 对Trypsin, Prostasin 和 Matriptase作用效果稍弱。 |
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| S3124 |
Dexamethasone AcetateDexamethasone 是一种有效的糖皮质激素类合成物，属于类固醇药物。Dexamethasone用于很多炎症和自身免疫病的治疗，例如风湿性关节炎和支气管痉挛。接受化疗的癌症病人服用dexamethasone去抵消部分化疗带来的副作用。Dexamethasone 也用在诊断方面，利用它能抑制垂体一肾上腺轴特性。 |
Dexamethasone and largazole cooperate to suppress invasion and to restore E-cadherin localization to the cell peripher y. ( a) Phase contrast micrographs showing morphological changes in MDA-MB-231 cells induced by E-cadherin expression combined with 100 nM dexamethasone and 10 nM largazole treatments. Insets show the cells at higher magnification. (b ) Fluorescence (E-Cad-GFP) or immunofluorescence microscopy (g -catenin (g-Cat.)) of 231/E-Cad-GFP cells treated for 72 h with vehicle (Control), 100 n M dexamethasone, 10 nM largazole or 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole (Dex. + Larg.). (c ) Invasion assays were per formed with the indicated cell lines treated for 72 h with or without 100 nM dexamethasone + 10 nM largazole using modified Boyden chambers impregnated with matrigel. The results are presented as the average number of cells that invaded through the membrane per field s.d. of five randomly chosen fields, and are representative of three independently per formed experiments. |
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| S3079 |
AtovaquoneAtovaquone 用于治疗或预防肺孢子菌肺炎，弓形虫病, 疟疾和巴贝西虫。 |
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| S2079 |
Moexipril HClMoexipril HCl是一种口服有效的非巯基血管紧张素转化酶（ACE）抑制剂，IC50为0.041 µM，用于治疗高血压和充血性心脏衰竭。 |
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| S1691 |
PraziquantelPraziquantel是一种驱虫药，有效作用于扁形虫。 |
Schistosomicidal effects of PZQ, ART and OXA on 14-day-schistosomula. Magnification of the in vitro-cultured schistosomula treated with PZQ, ART, and OXA at 10 μM. Drugs were added at day 14 and schistosomula were analyzed at day 21 (late treatment). 0.1% DMSO in medium (solvent of the drugs; used as negative control) had no effect on schistosomula development. |
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| S2926 |
TDZD-8TDZD-8是一种非ATP竞争性GSK-3β抑制剂，IC50为2 μM；对CDK1， casein kinase II， PKA和PKC具有最低限度的抑制效果。 |
The impact of GSK3β inhibitor TDZD-8 (10 μM) on the GSK3β phosphorylation (A), the protein expression (B) and mRNA level (C) of α-SMA and collagen I in acetaldehyde-induced HSCs activation. The data were representative of at least three independent experiments. All values were expressed as mean ± SD. *P < 0.01, ***P < 0.01 vs. the control group, #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.01 vs. the acetaldehyde group.
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| S7393 |
Aloxistatin(E64d)Aloxistatin 是一种不可逆的膜透过性cysteine protease抑制剂，具有抑制血小板聚集的活性。SARS-CoV-2病毒入侵需要半胱氨酸蛋白酶cathepsin L，而aloxistatin处理可以有效减少92.3%的SARS-CoV-2病毒颗粒的细胞入侵。 |
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| S8279 |
ShikoninShikonin，是一种Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2)有效的、特异的抑制剂。它是紫草的主要成分，紫草是一种中草药，具有多种生物活性。在细胞荧光淬灭试验中，Shikonin也是TMEM16A氯离子通道的抑制剂。 |
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| S7975 |
Favipiravir (T-705)Favipiravir (T-705)是一种有效的选择性RNA-dependent RNA polymerase抑制剂，用于治疗流感病毒感染。 |
(A) BoDV-1 infection was measured by IFA. BoDV-1 P40 was detected with a primary monoclonal antibody (red), nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue), merged image (scale bars: 50 μm). Favipiravir: T-705
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| S5250 |
DarunavirDarunavir is a nonpeptidic HIV protease inhibitor, used to treat HIV infection. |
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| S5940 |
BepotastineBepotastine是一种非镇静的、选择性histamine 1 (H1) receptor拮抗剂。 |
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| S5754 |
Baricitinib phosphateBaricitinib phosphate is a selective JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor with IC50 of 5.9 nM and 5.7 nM, ~70 and ~10-fold selective versus JAK3 and Tyk2, no inhibition to c-Met and Chk2. Baricitinib is found to reduce or interrupt the passage of the virus into target cells and is used in the treatment research for COVID-19. |
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| S7392 |
Loxistatin Acid (E-64C)Loxistatin Acid (E-64C),E-64的衍生物,是一种不可逆的膜渗透性cysteine protease抑制剂。SARS-CoV-2病毒入侵需要半胱氨酸蛋白酶cathepsin L。 |
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| S7262 |
VidofludimusVidofludimus是一种口服具有活性的，有效的dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH)抑制剂，对人DHODH的IC50为134 nM。Vidofludimus calcium (IMU-838)正作为COVID-19的潜在治疗选择研究中。Phase 2。 |
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| S7947 |
PX-12PX-12是一种有效的 thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) 抑制剂，作用于 Trx-1 上 Cys73 的不可逆硫代烷基化。Phase 2。 |
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| S5911 |
BictegravirBictegravir是一种新型的、有效的HIV-1 integrase抑制剂。 |
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| S4646 |
CiclesonideCiclesonide是一种糖皮质激素，用于治疗阻塞性气道疾病。 |
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| S4430 |
Hydroxychloroquine SulfateHydroxychloroquine Sulfate是一种抗疟疾药，用于治疗系统性红斑狼疮，类风湿关节炎等自身免疫病，炎症以及皮肤病。它也是autophagy和toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/9的抑制剂。 |
C, SA-beta gal staining results of A549-LKB1 cells treated by trametinib (30 nmol/L), radiotherapy (2 Gy), and HCQ (50 μmol/L). Cells were treated by HCQ and/or trametinib 4 hours prior to radiotherapy. Drugs were washed out 24 hours after radiotherapy. Cells were incubated for additional 48 hours before staining. D, Clonogenic survival assay of A549-LKB1 cells treated with trametinib (30 nmol/L) and HCQ (50 μmol/L).
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| S7579 |
Ledipasvir (GS5885)Ledipasvir（GS5885）是一种HCV NS5A polymerase抑制剂，用于治疗丙型肝炎病毒感染。 |
(C) Impact of HCV clearance by DAA treatment on the Nrf2 nuclear translocation. HCV infected Huh-7.5 cells day 12 were given two rounds of antiviral treatment with IFN-α, sofosbuvir, ledipasvir or combination of sofosbuvir plus ledipasvir. After 72 hours, cells were split, and then treated again with the same antiviral agent. After two rounds of antiviral treatment, the expressions of HCV core and pNrf2 were measured by immunostaining.
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| S9567 |
Indinavir SulfateIndinavir sulfate是一种有效的、特异的HIV-1 protease抑制剂，广泛用于艾滋病的治疗。 |
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| S3724 |
VelpatasvirVelpatasvir是二代NS5A抑制剂，抑制丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的复制。 |
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| S3733 |
BoceprevirBoceprevir是一种口服的、直接作用于hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease的抑制剂，对NS3蛋白酶的Ki值为14 nM。在治疗慢性肝炎C(genotype 1)中，常与其他抗病毒共同给药。 |
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| S5072 |
RosuvastatinRosuvastatin is an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis, with Ki value (inhibition constant) of approximately 0.1 nM. |
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| S2071 |
Prulifloxacin (NM441)Prulifloxacin是ulifloxacin的前体药物，是一种广谱喹诺酮类抗菌药。 |
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| S4282 |
Nelfinavir MesylateNelfinavir Mesylate 是强效的HIV protease抑制剂，Ki为2 nM。 |
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